Aphodiinae

Aphodiinae is a subfamily of the scarab beetle family, Scarabaeidae. Members of this subfamily are known commonly as the small dung beetles and many, but not all, are dung beetles. These beetles are found worldwide.

Aphodiinae

Udo Schmidt from Deutschland · CC BY-SA 2.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
ScarabaeidaePBDB
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Arthropoda
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Insecta

Time the record covers

At least 121 million years on record.

The record covers at least 121.4 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 125.77 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Early Cretaceous — about 3 of 182 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 0 of 182 occurrencesPaleocene — about 1 of 182 occurrencesEocene — about 37 of 182 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 4 of 182 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 9 of 182 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 1 of 182 occurrencesPleistocene — about 127 of 182 occurrences128–124 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences124–120 Mya — about 1 occurrence120–115 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences115–111 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences64–60 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences60–56 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences56–51 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences51–47 Mya — about 1.0 occurrences47–43 Mya — about 2 occurrences43–38 Mya — about 1.0 occurrences38–34 Mya — about 29 occurrences34–30 Mya — about 3 occurrences30–26 Mya — about 1 occurrence26–21 Mya — about 2 occurrences21–17 Mya — about 3 occurrences17–13 Mya — about 2 occurrences13–8.6 Mya — about 3 occurrences8.6–4.3 Mya — about 1 occurrence4.3–0 Mya — about 128 occurrences121.4 Mya129 ka128 Mya0 Mya

182 occurrences of Aphodiinae on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

182 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

22 formations

Florissant — 38.92°N, 105.28°WFlorissant — 38.93°N, 105.24°WHighbury Silts and Sands — 51.56°N, 0.06°WKeremesit — 69.50°N, 158.50°EKeremesit — 69.17°N, 158.12°EOlympia beds — 47.66°N, 122.43°WTitusville Till — 41.62°N, 79.64°WEifel — 50.11°N, 6.82°EUpper Freshwater-Molasse — 47.67°N, 8.93°ERott — 50.75°N, 7.26°ERott — 50.75°N, 7.26°EEdoma — 69.50°N, 158.50°EMizozono — 31.98°N, 130.74°EYixian — 41.42°N, 118.97°EMenat — 46.10°N, 2.90°ELondon Clay — 50.78°N, 0.70°WMasaragawa — 38.25°N, 138.41°EBushi — 35.84°N, 139.35°EKap København — 82.47°N, 23.66°WOler — 69.50°N, 158.50°EZaza — 53.30°N, 112.09°ETsumori — 32.79°N, 130.86°EHirabaru — 33.40°N, 131.64°ENogami — 33.21°N, 131.15°EBouldnor — 50.74°N, 1.36°W

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Aphodiinae has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 87 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Aphodiinae and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Aphodiinae and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

3,617 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 112 sites for Aphodiinae, and this reads all of them. Of that, one read hit the database's own return limit, so every count below is a floor rather than a total. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

49 references

Each of the 182 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 37 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Aphodiinae

Credit
Udo Schmidt from Deutschland
Licence
CC BY-SA 2.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Aphodiinae was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itScarabaeidae through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Leach 1815