Petalodontiformes

Petalodontiformes is an extinct order of marine cartilaginous fish related to modern day chimaera found in what is now the United States of America and Europe.

Petalodontiformes

SeismicShrimp · CC BY 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
HolocephaliPBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB
Life habit
nektonicPBDB
Motility
actively mobilePBDB

Time the record covers

At least 229 million years on record.

The record covers at least 342.9 Mya to 113.2 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 358.86 Mya to 110.1 Mya.

Devonian — about 0 of 215 occurrencesCarboniferous — about 146 of 215 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 68 of 215 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 0 of 215 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 0 of 215 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 0 of 215 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 0 of 215 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic — about 0 of 215 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 0 of 215 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 1 of 215 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous364–355 Mya — about 3 occurrences355–347 Mya — about 9 occurrences347–338 Mya — about 19 occurrences338–329 Mya — about 17 occurrences329–321 Mya — about 17 occurrences321–312 Mya — about 17 occurrences312–303 Mya — about 48 occurrences303–295 Mya — about 22 occurrences295–286 Mya — about 9 occurrences286–278 Mya — about 6 occurrences278–269 Mya — about 12 occurrences269–260 Mya — about 6 occurrences260–252 Mya — about 27 occurrences114–105 Mya — about 1 occurrence342.9 Mya113.2 Mya364 Mya105 Mya

215 occurrences of Petalodontiformes on record, most of them in the Carboniferous. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

215 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

52 formations

Ste. Genevieve — 37.19°N, 86.10°WKupferschiefer — 51.53°N, 11.54°EKupferschiefer — 51.50°N, 11.57°EKupferschiefer — 50.98°N, 10.01°EKupferschiefer — 50.83°N, 10.35°EKupferschiefer — 51.55°N, 11.41°EHeath — 46.95°N, 108.96°WPhosphoria — 43.01°N, 109.00°WPhosphoria — 43.19°N, 109.16°WPhosphoria — 42.67°N, 108.68°WZechstein — 51.23°N, 8.89°EZechstein — 51.49°N, 6.55°EZechstein — 51.53°N, 11.49°EGrenola — 37.35°N, 96.80°WGrenola — 38.95°N, 96.40°WGrenola — 39.00°N, 96.60°WLueders — 33.75°N, 99.15°WLueders — 33.75°N, 99.12°WIchinotani — 36.22°N, 137.51°EWreford Limestone — 38.69°N, 96.49°WWreford Limestone — 37.10°N, 96.81°WWreford Limestone — 39.05°N, 96.75°WForaker — 39.20°N, 96.57°WForaker — 36.07°N, 96.72°WWild Cow — 34.95°N, 106.30°WEdwardsville — 39.25°N, 86.33°WEdwardsville — 39.04°N, 86.50°WKaibab — 36.20°N, 112.25°WKaibab — 36.20°N, 112.20°WConcha — 31.75°N, 110.75°WConcha — 31.90°N, 108.30°WAkasaka — 35.40°N, 136.58°ERaisby — 55.03°N, 1.44°WRaisby — 54.63°N, 1.61°WGlenshaw — 40.43°N, 79.30°WGlenshaw — 40.38°N, 79.75°WZeandale Limestone — 39.48°N, 96.15°WForaker Limestone — 39.27°N, 96.44°WFlechado — 36.41°N, 105.57°WIrati — 22.42°S, 47.65°WChhidru — 32.55°N, 71.78°EMizuyagadani — 36.23°N, 137.52°ENabeyama — 36.40°N, 139.60°E

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The named rock units Petalodontiformes has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 28 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 105 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Petalodontiformes and its relatives

Carboniferous

Where Petalodontiformes and its relatives were recorded in the Carboniferous.

Found in the same rock

896 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 136 sites for Petalodontiformes, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

76 references

Each of the 215 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 64 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Petalodontiformes

Credit
SeismicShrimp
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Petalodontiformes was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itHolocephali through timeFormations of the CarboniferousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Zangerl 1981