Polinices (Polinices)

larvalfishguy · CC BY-NC 4.0 · via GBIF. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Sits inside
- PolinicesPBDB
- Diet
- carnivorePBDB
- Life habit
- semi-infaunalPBDB
- Motility
- fast-movingPBDB
- Vision
- limitedPBDB, for Gastropoda
Time the record covers
At least 65 million years on record.
The record covers at least 66 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 161.5 Mya to 11.7 ka.
167 occurrences of Polinices (Polinices) on record, most of them in the Eocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
167 occurrences- Late Jurassicunder 1%
- Early Cretaceousunder 1%
- Late Cretaceousunder 1%
- Paleocene7%
- Eocene60%
- Miocene19%
- Pliocene11%
- Pleistocene2%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
34 formations
- La Meseta Formation63
- Submeseta Formation21
- Esmeraldas Formation6
- Reinbek Stuffe Formation6
- Snatolskaya Formation5
- Silverado Formation4
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The named rock units Polinices (Polinices) has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 10 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 21 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Polinices (Polinices) and its relatives
EoceneWhere Polinices (Polinices) and its relatives were recorded in the Eocene.
Found in the same rock
2,059 taxa- Saxolucina sharmani47 sites
- Eurhomalea newtoni37 sites
- Colposigma euthenia30 sites
- Sudonassarius antarctohimaleos29 sites
- Struthioptera camachoi26 sites
- Cucullaea raea25 sites
- Antarctodarwinella nordenskjoldi23 sites
- Austrobuccinum tuberosum23 sites
- Cyclorismina marwicki23 sites
- Austroficopsis wimani21 sites
- Lahillia wilckensi21 sites
- Mactra irizari21 sites
- Austrotoma oliveroi20 sites
- Austroficopsis seymourensis19 sites
- Antarctodarwinella ellioti18 sites
- Periploma topei17 sites
- Eucrassatella wilckensi16 sites
- Eurhomalea antarctica16 sites
- Modiolus thomsoni16 sites
- Colposigma capitanea15 sites
- Nucula (Leionucula) nova15 sites
- Turritella14 sites
- Eoscaphella fordycei13 sites
- Struthiolarella variabilis13 sites
The Paleobiology Database records 125 sites for Polinices (Polinices), and this reads all of them. Of that, one read hit the database's own return limit, so every count below is a floor rather than a total. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
35 references- Molluscan Systematics and Biostratigraphy86
- Skwarko, 199410
- Die Fauna des marinen Miozäns von Kevelaer (Niederrhein)7
- Beitrage zur Kenntnis des Miocans von Dingden und seiner Mollusken-Fauna 26
- Eocene gastropods of western Kamchatka - implications for high-latitude north Pacific biostratigraphy and biogeography5
- Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand5
- Geology of the Northern Santa Ana Mountains, California4
- Fossil gastropods from the Late Paleocene Sepultura Formation, Baja California, Mexico3
- Naticidae (Mollusca: Mesogastropoda) from the Neogene of northwestern Ecuador3
- Unpublished notes on Caribbean collection of the Naturhistorisches Museum Basel3
- Olsson, 19643
- Geology and Paleontology of Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama.3
Each of the 167 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 23 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content3

Picture of Polinices (Polinices)
- Source
- GBIF
- Credit
- larvalfishguy
- Licence
- CC BY-NC 4.0
- Commercial use
- the licence does not allow it
Photogrammetry
- Source
- MorphoSource
- Licence
- not stated by the source
- Commercial use
- cannot be read from the licence given — check the record
- Specimen
- polinices sp. · MST:PALEO:MST-SP-2153
3D model
- Source
- Sketchfab
- Licence
- CC Attribution-NonCommercial
- Commercial use
- the licence does not allow it
Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itPolinices through timeFormations of the EoceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Montfort 1810