Pteridopsida

The Polypodiidae, commonly called leptosporangiate ferns, formerly Leptosporangiatae, are one of four subclasses of ferns, the largest of these being the largest group of living ferns, including some 11,000 species worldwide. The group has also been treated as the class Pteridopsida or Polypodiopsida, although other classifications assign them a different rank. Older names for the group include Filicidae and Filicales, although at least the "water ferns" were then treated separately.

Pteridopsida

MurielBendel · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
PteridophytaPBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Streptophyta

Time the record covers

At least 538 million years on record.

The record covers at least 538.8 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 635 Mya to 0 Mya.

Cambrian — about 0 of 3782 occurrencesOrdovician — about 0 of 3782 occurrencesSilurian — about 2 of 3782 occurrencesDevonian — about 36 of 3782 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 421 of 3782 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 86 of 3782 occurrencesEarly Triassic — about 47 of 3782 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 8 of 3782 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 50 of 3782 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 40 of 3782 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic — about 44 of 3782 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 90 of 3782 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 904 of 3782 occurrencesLate Cretaceous — about 972 of 3782 occurrencesPaleocene — about 498 of 3782 occurrencesEocene — about 414 of 3782 occurrencesOligocene — about 38 of 3782 occurrencesMiocene — about 95 of 3782 occurrencesPliocene — about 2 of 3782 occurrencesPleistocene — about 33 of 3782 occurrences648–626 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences626–605 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences605–583 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences583–561 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences561–540 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences540–518 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences453–432 Mya — about 1.0 occurrences432–410 Mya — about 1 occurrence410–389 Mya — about 7 occurrences389–367 Mya — about 28 occurrences367–345 Mya — about 9 occurrences345–324 Mya — about 13 occurrences324–302 Mya — about 331 occurrences302–281 Mya — about 103 occurrences281–259 Mya — about 40 occurrences259–237 Mya — about 66 occurrences237–216 Mya — about 36 occurrences216–194 Mya — about 28 occurrences194–173 Mya — about 28 occurrences173–151 Mya — about 95 occurrences151–130 Mya — about 105 occurrences130–108 Mya — about 601 occurrences108–86 Mya — about 615 occurrences86–65 Mya — about 695 occurrences65–43 Mya — about 633 occurrences43–22 Mya — about 220 occurrences22–0 Mya — about 123 occurrences538.8 Mya129 ka648 Mya0 Mya

3,782 occurrences of Pteridopsida on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

3,782 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

258 formations

Fort Union — 43.40°N, 105.10°WFort Union — 43.30°N, 105.00°WFort Union — 43.50°N, 104.90°WFort Union — 45.58°N, 103.55°WFort Union — 46.35°N, 103.87°WFort Union — 46.02°N, 103.76°WFort Union — 46.48°N, 105.67°WFort Union — 44.71°N, 106.17°WFort Union — 44.83°N, 106.09°WFort Union — 44.88°N, 106.06°WFort Union — 46.60°N, 105.68°WFort Union — 45.59°N, 105.68°WFort Union — 45.55°N, 105.72°WMonte Chico — 51.59°S, 72.41°WMonte Chico — 51.18°S, 72.29°WRiachuelo — 10.65°S, 37.04°WLost Branch — 37.19°N, 95.42°WLost Branch — 37.83°N, 94.98°WLefipán — 42.67°S, 69.83°WLefipán — 42.58°S, 69.98°WHell Creek — 45.59°N, 103.75°WHell Creek — 46.29°N, 103.95°WHell Creek — 46.02°N, 103.76°WYaw — 23.25°N, 94.25°EYaw — 23.23°N, 94.25°EMisoa — 10.88°N, 72.38°WMisoa — 9.89°N, 71.32°WChorrillo — 50.50°S, 72.56°WCarbondale — 40.00°N, 88.00°WCarbondale — 39.00°N, 87.00°WDunvegan — 56.13°N, 120.05°WDunvegan — 55.94°N, 119.94°WDunvegan — 55.92°N, 118.59°WDunvegan — 55.22°N, 119.17°WDunvegan — 55.27°N, 118.63°WDunvegan — 55.78°N, 118.90°WLa Colonia — 42.99°S, 67.67°WLa Colonia — 43.10°S, 67.75°WLa Colonia — 43.01°S, 67.62°WLa Colonia — 42.97°S, 67.54°WTambo — 27.34°S, 135.72°ETambo — 29.13°S, 140.88°ERunnymede — 37.37°S, 140.90°EDakota — 42.65°N, 96.54°WDakota — 42.50°N, 96.40°WDakota — 38.73°N, 98.23°WDakota — 38.88°N, 98.70°WDakota — 38.83°N, 98.47°WDakota — 38.90°N, 98.86°WMirador — 11.00°N, 72.38°WMirador — 10.88°N, 72.38°WBhuj — 23.32°N, 69.77°EBhuj — 23.79°N, 68.85°EBhuj — 23.60°N, 69.00°EBhuj — 23.29°N, 69.70°EMolteno — 29.50°S, 29.50°EMolteno — 28.57°S, 29.05°EMolteno — 31.10°S, 26.50°EMolteno — 31.50°S, 28.00°EMolteno — 30.80°S, 26.88°EMolteno — 30.53°S, 26.90°EMolteno — 31.47°S, 26.43°EMolteno — 30.90°S, 26.72°EMolteno — 31.50°S, 27.92°EMolteno — 31.47°S, 26.83°EMolteno — 31.57°S, 26.22°EMolteno — 31.52°S, 26.90°EMolteno — 31.50°S, 27.00°EMolteno — 31.05°S, 26.80°EMolteno — 31.57°S, 26.27°EMolteno — 30.00°S, 29.00°EMolteno — 30.72°S, 26.93°EMolteno — 31.53°S, 26.23°EMolteno — 30.48°S, 27.10°EMolteno — 31.62°S, 27.52°EMolteno — 31.48°S, 26.47°EAlmond — 41.87°N, 109.14°WAlmond — 41.79°N, 109.19°WCerro Cazador — 51.59°S, 72.41°WCerro Cazador — 51.18°S, 72.22°WKachaike — 49.15°S, 72.07°WKachaike — 49.06°S, 72.14°WKachaike — 48.82°S, 72.12°WKachaike — 48.85°S, 72.03°WKachaike — 49.17°S, 72.00°WKachaike — 49.00°S, 72.00°WEumeralla — 38.73°S, 143.72°EEumeralla — 38.67°S, 143.58°EEumeralla — 38.77°S, 143.33°EEumeralla — 38.72°S, 143.33°EEumeralla — 38.85°S, 143.55°EKatrol — 23.34°N, 69.66°EKatrol — 23.27°N, 69.65°EBurg El-Arab — 30.99°N, 27.77°E

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The named rock units Pteridopsida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 234 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 895 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Pteridopsida and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Pteridopsida and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

1,109 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 959 sites for Pteridopsida, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

266 references

Each of the 3,782 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 254 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Pteridopsida

Credit
MurielBendel
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itPteridophyta through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Ritgen 1828