Allotheria

Allotheria is an extinct clade of theriiform mammals known from the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic. Shared characteristics of the group are the presence of lower molariform teeth equipped with longitudinal rows of cusps and enlarged incisors. Typically, the canine teeth are also lost. Allotheria includes Multituberculata, Gondwanatheria, and probably Haramiyida, although some studies have recovered haramiyidans to be basal mammaliaforms unrelated to multituberculates. Allotherians are often placed as crown group mammals, more closely related to living marsupials and placentals (Theria) than to monotremes or eutriconodonts, though some studies place the entirety of Allotheria outside of crown Mammalia.

Allotheria

Kielan-Jaworowska, 2. & Nessov, L. A. · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
MammaliaPBDB
Diet
insectivorePBDB, for Mammaliaformes
Life habit
scansorialPBDB, for Mammaliaformes
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Mammalia

Time the record covers

At least 180 million years on record.

The record covers at least 201.4 Mya to 21 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 205.7 Mya to 17.5 Mya.

Late Triassic — about 5 of 2223 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 4 of 2223 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 33 of 2223 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 108 of 2223 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 105 of 2223 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 1023 of 2223 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 791 of 2223 occurrencesEocene — about 151 of 2223 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 2 of 2223 occurrencesMiocene — about 1 of 2223 occurrences209–203 Mya — about 3 occurrences203–196 Mya — about 3 occurrences196–190 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences190–183 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences183–177 Mya — about 1 occurrence177–170 Mya — about 1 occurrence170–164 Mya — about 31 occurrences164–157 Mya — about 7 occurrences157–151 Mya — about 44 occurrences151–144 Mya — about 53 occurrences144–138 Mya — about 31 occurrences138–131 Mya — about 7 occurrences131–125 Mya — about 11 occurrences125–118 Mya — about 34 occurrences118–112 Mya — about 15 occurrences112–105 Mya — about 8 occurrences105–99 Mya — about 32 occurrences99–92 Mya — about 70 occurrences92–86 Mya — about 15 occurrences86–79 Mya — about 170 occurrences79–72 Mya — about 202 occurrences72–66 Mya — about 548 occurrences66–59 Mya — about 552 occurrences59–53 Mya — about 307 occurrences53–46 Mya — about 50 occurrences46–40 Mya — about 8 occurrences40–33 Mya — about 16 occurrences33–27 Mya — about 1 occurrence27–20 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences20–14 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences201.4 Mya21 Mya209 Mya14 Mya

2,223 occurrences of Allotheria on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

2,223 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

174 formations

Hell Creek — 47.63°N, 106.20°WHell Creek — 47.55°N, 107.13°WHell Creek — 47.60°N, 107.00°WHell Creek — 47.80°N, 106.10°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 106.98°WHell Creek — 46.30°N, 104.50°WHell Creek — 47.57°N, 107.10°WHell Creek — 45.50°N, 103.10°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 106.40°WHell Creek — 47.60°N, 106.38°WHell Creek — 47.58°N, 106.30°WHell Creek — 47.55°N, 107.25°WHell Creek — 47.87°N, 106.18°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 107.18°WHell Creek — 47.53°N, 106.92°WHell Creek — 47.65°N, 106.20°WHell Creek — 47.07°N, 106.92°WHell Creek — 47.10°N, 104.80°WHell Creek — 47.70°N, 106.55°WHell Creek — 45.40°N, 105.60°WHell Creek — 46.10°N, 103.30°WHell Creek — 47.60°N, 107.23°WHell Creek — 47.68°N, 106.43°WHell Creek — 46.90°N, 101.50°WHell Creek — 47.83°N, 106.18°WHell Creek — 45.98°N, 103.75°WHell Creek — 46.41°N, 103.94°WHell Creek — 46.38°N, 103.96°WHell Creek — 45.95°N, 103.96°WHell Creek — 46.14°N, 103.80°WHell Creek — 46.33°N, 103.90°WHell Creek — 46.46°N, 104.00°WHell Creek — 45.94°N, 103.95°WHell Creek — 47.62°N, 107.32°WHell Creek — 47.61°N, 106.90°WHell Creek — 45.76°N, 104.92°WHell Creek — 45.66°N, 105.08°WHell Creek — 45.53°N, 101.63°WHell Creek — 45.00°N, 103.19°WFort Union — 47.60°N, 107.00°WFort Union — 47.10°N, 104.80°WFort Union — 47.80°N, 106.10°WFort Union — 43.85°N, 108.35°WFort Union — 44.30°N, 109.00°WFort Union — 46.05°N, 104.48°WFort Union — 45.80°N, 104.40°WFort Union — 41.70°N, 109.00°WFort Union — 41.30°N, 107.74°WFort Union — 45.80°N, 109.80°WFort Union — 46.90°N, 101.50°WFort Union — 46.90°N, 103.90°WFort Union — 45.80°N, 110.50°WFort Union — 44.72°N, 108.38°WFort Union — 44.68°N, 108.32°WFort Union — 43.70°N, 108.70°WFort Union — 44.89°N, 108.93°WFort Union — 43.20°N, 107.10°WFort Union — 45.10°N, 106.90°WFort Union — 45.40°N, 105.60°WFort Union — 44.50°N, 108.00°WFort Union — 43.45°N, 109.16°WFort Union — 41.92°N, 108.56°WFort Union — 44.72°N, 108.62°WFort Union — 44.67°N, 108.46°WFort Union — 39.27°N, 108.18°WFort Union — 41.66°N, 107.80°WFort Union — 44.85°N, 108.74°WFort Union — 44.91°N, 108.96°WFort Union — 44.81°N, 108.83°WFort Union — 47.60°N, 106.20°WFort Union — 41.83°N, 108.60°WLance — 43.18°N, 104.53°WLance — 43.00°N, 104.50°WLance — 43.10°N, 104.60°WLance — 41.57°N, 108.67°WLance — 43.15°N, 104.57°WLance — 43.25°N, 104.65°WLance — 44.94°N, 108.85°WLance — 43.13°N, 104.49°WLance — 43.25°N, 104.52°WLance — 43.80°N, 104.62°WLance — 45.04°N, 108.80°WLance — 41.57°N, 108.65°WLance — 44.24°N, 109.02°WPaskapoo — 51.00°N, 114.10°WPaskapoo — 51.90°N, 113.30°WPaskapoo — 53.23°N, 114.70°WPaskapoo — 52.40°N, 113.80°WPaskapoo — 52.20°N, 113.70°WPaskapoo — 51.10°N, 114.50°WPaskapoo — 51.18°N, 114.43°WPaskapoo — 52.00°N, 114.30°WPaskapoo — 52.23°N, 113.63°WPaskapoo — 51.50°N, 112.30°WPaskapoo — 52.35°N, 113.77°WPaskapoo — 54.80°N, 115.46°WPaskapoo — 51.20°N, 112.50°WPaskapoo — 51.05°N, 114.15°WWillwood — 44.78°N, 108.97°WWillwood — 43.95°N, 107.57°WWillwood — 44.50°N, 108.00°WWillwood — 44.00°N, 108.00°WWillwood — 44.65°N, 108.54°WWillwood — 44.30°N, 109.00°WWillwood — 44.77°N, 109.08°WWillwood — 44.54°N, 108.65°WWillwood — 44.59°N, 108.41°WWillwood — 44.66°N, 108.53°WWillwood — 44.68°N, 108.73°WWillwood — 44.58°N, 108.62°WWillwood — 44.65°N, 108.78°WWillwood — 44.76°N, 108.88°WWillwood — 44.16°N, 107.87°WCedar Mountain — 39.00°N, 111.00°WCedar Mountain — 38.66°N, 111.24°WCedar Mountain — 38.94°N, 111.08°WCedar Mountain — 38.83°N, 109.47°WOldman — 50.78°N, 110.50°WOldman — 49.30°N, 110.60°WOldman — 50.50°N, 110.30°WOldman — 50.90°N, 111.80°WOldman — 49.08°N, 110.68°WOldman — 49.14°N, 110.85°WOldman — 49.10°N, 110.94°WOldman — 49.16°N, 110.72°WOldman — 50.75°N, 111.51°WOldman — 50.83°N, 111.32°WOldman — 50.75°N, 111.41°WJudith River — 46.42°N, 109.27°WJudith River — 48.92°N, 110.58°WJudith River — 46.46°N, 109.41°WJudith River — 48.57°N, 109.68°WJudith River — 47.81°N, 109.59°WJudith River — 46.10°N, 109.10°WJudith River — 47.79°N, 108.94°WRavenscrag — 49.50°N, 109.20°WRavenscrag — 49.60°N, 108.70°WRavenscrag — 49.70°N, 110.10°WRavenscrag — 49.06°N, 102.75°WRavenscrag — 49.30°N, 108.42°WMorrison — 40.42°N, 109.21°WMorrison — 41.88°N, 105.89°WMorrison — 41.89°N, 106.00°WMorrison — 41.99°N, 106.08°WMorrison — 38.54°N, 105.19°WMorrison — 38.32°N, 108.83°WMorrison — 44.49°N, 107.88°WMorrison — 44.46°N, 104.73°WMorrison — 40.50°N, 109.17°WMorrison — 39.15°N, 108.77°WMorrison — 38.58°N, 108.40°WMorrison — 38.99°N, 109.27°WWahweap — 37.59°N, 112.90°WWahweap — 37.60°N, 111.35°WWahweap — 37.56°N, 112.28°WWahweap — 37.63°N, 112.12°WWasatch — 41.80°N, 110.70°WWasatch — 41.27°N, 110.33°WWasatch — 43.25°N, 110.42°WWasatch — 41.70°N, 109.00°WWasatch — 40.60°N, 108.10°WWasatch — 42.24°N, 110.19°WAlcobaça — 39.70°N, 8.80°WNacimiento — 36.30°N, 108.20°WNacimiento — 36.31°N, 108.00°WNacimiento — 35.70°N, 107.00°WNacimiento — 36.57°N, 107.97°WNacimiento — 36.27°N, 107.76°WDinosaur Park — 49.12°N, 110.47°WDinosaur Park — 50.75°N, 111.46°WDinosaur Park — 50.75°N, 111.50°WDinosaur Park — 50.81°N, 111.58°WDinosaur Park — 50.78°N, 111.33°WDinosaur Park — 50.76°N, 111.37°WDinosaur Park — 51.44°N, 110.39°WDinosaur Park — 51.47°N, 110.39°WDinosaur Park — 52.45°N, 109.17°WDinosaur Park — 50.68°N, 108.09°WDjadokhta — 44.16°N, 103.69°EDjadokhta — 43.66°N, 100.90°EDjadokhta — 44.25°N, 103.33°EDjadokhta — 44.13°N, 103.56°EDjadokhta — 42.08°N, 102.17°EDjadokhta — 44.00°N, 104.00°EDjadokhta — 44.09°N, 102.91°EDjadokhta — 44.23°N, 103.29°EMilk River — 49.10°N, 111.80°WNaturita — 37.40°N, 111.20°WNaturita — 37.80°N, 111.50°WNaturita — 37.65°N, 112.97°WFerris — 41.94°N, 106.88°WFerris — 41.80°N, 107.00°WFerris — 41.96°N, 106.89°WFrenchman — 49.50°N, 109.10°WFrenchman — 49.40°N, 107.40°WFrenchman — 49.30°N, 108.40°WFrenchman — 49.50°N, 109.20°WKaiparowits — 37.40°N, 111.20°WKaiparowits — 37.80°N, 111.50°WPorcupine Hills — 51.00°N, 114.10°WPorcupine Hills — 51.10°N, 114.28°WPorcupine Hills — 51.21°N, 114.04°WPorcupine Hills — 51.10°N, 114.22°WAguja — 29.20°N, 103.20°WAguja — 29.32°N, 103.52°WAguja — 29.10°N, 103.17°WAguja — 29.30°N, 103.57°WScollard — 52.33°N, 113.12°WScollard — 51.91°N, 112.97°WScollard — 51.80°N, 113.00°W

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The named rock units Allotheria has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 150 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 119 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Allotheria and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Allotheria and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

898 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 803 sites for Allotheria, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

474 references

Each of the 2,223 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 462 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Allotheria

Credit
Kielan-Jaworowska, 2. & Nessov, L. A.
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Allotheria was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itMammalia through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Marsh 1880)