Clupeocephala

Viridiflavus · CC BY 2.5 · via Wikidata/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Sits inside
- TeleosteiPBDB
- Motility
- actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Time the record covers
At least 161 million years on record.
The record covers at least 161.5 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 165.3 Mya to 0 Mya.
5,868 occurrences of Clupeocephala on record, most of them in the Miocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
5,868 occurrences- Middle Jurassicunder 1%
- Late Jurassicunder 1%
- Early Cretaceous2%
- Late Cretaceous18%
- Paleocene2%
- Eocene7%
- Oligocene7%
- Miocene37%
- Pliocene12%
- Pleistocene13%
- Holocene2%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
591 formations
- Koobi Fora Formation · Omo Group98
- Nkondo Formation · Albertine Group73
- Hell Creek Formation · Montana Group70
- Pozo Formation64
- Mount Harris Formation63
- Pebas Formation57
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The named rock units Clupeocephala has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 567 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 2,505 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Clupeocephala and its relatives
MioceneWhere Clupeocephala and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.
Found in the same rock
1,725 taxa- Clarias109 sites
- Hydrocynus68 sites
- Synodontis67 sites
- Lates niloticus52 sites
- Hippopotamus amphibius43 sites
- Alcelaphus buselaphus38 sites
- Hipparion37 sites
- Cichlidae35 sites
- Protopterus35 sites
- Alcelaphini34 sites
- Crocodylus34 sites
- Gymnarchus34 sites
- Chrysichthys33 sites
- Polypterus33 sites
- Barbus32 sites
- Bunocharax sp.32 sites
- Sindacharax sp.32 sites
- Bovidae30 sites
- Suidae30 sites
- Equus29 sites
- Kolpochoerus limnetes28 sites
- Labeo sp.28 sites
- Palaeoloxodon recki28 sites
- Hominidae26 sites
The Paleobiology Database records at least 916 sites for Clupeocephala, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
1,042 references- Reconstruction of the fossil marine bony fish fauna (Teleostei) from the Eocene to Pleistocene of New Zealand by means of otoliths. With studies of Recent congroid, morid and trachinoid otoliths342
- Tortonian teleost otoliths from northern Italy: taxonomic synthesis and stratigraphic significance167
- Otoliths of the Myctophidae from the Neogene of tropical America152
- Données récentes sur Les téléostéens du Miocène et du Pliocéne d'Italie121
- Lanternfish otoliths (Teleostei, Myctophidae) from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Japan89
- Messinian marine fish communities of the Mediterranean Sea86
- Pleistocene fish otoliths from the Mediterranean Basin: a synthesis84
- A 60-million-year Cenozoic history of western Amazonian ecosystems in Contamana, eastern Peru75
- Otolithes de poissons du paléocanyon de saubrigues (chattien à langhien), aquitaine méridionale, France75
- Connectivity controls on the late Miocene eastern Mediterranean fish fauna66
- Fauna Fosila din Oligocenul de la Piatra Neamt66
- Fish otoliths from the early Miocene of Chile: a window into the evolution of marine bony fishes in the Southeast Pacific63
Each of the 5,868 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 1,030 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content1

Picture of Clupeocephala
- Source
- Wikidata/Commons
- Credit
- Viridiflavus
- Licence
- CC BY 2.5
- Commercial use
- the licence allows it
No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itTeleostei through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Patterson and Rosen 1977