Halkieria

Halkieria is a genus of halkieriid mollusc which has been found on almost every continent in Lower to Mid Cambrian deposits, forming a large component of the small shelly fossil assemblages. The best known species is Halkieria evangelista, from the North Greenland Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, in which complete specimens were collected on an expedition in 1989. The fossils were described by Simon Conway Morris and John Peel in a short paper in 1990 in the journal Nature. Later a more thorough description was undertaken in 1995 in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London and wider evolutionary implications were posed.

Halkieria

derivative work: Martin ( talk ) Halkieria2.jpg : Photo taken by Jakob Vinther · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
HalkieriinaePBDB
Diet
grazerPBDB
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB
Motility
actively mobilePBDB
Vision
blindPBDB

Time the record covers

At least 18 million years on record.

The record covers at least 530.7 Mya to 512.1 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 538.8 Mya to 506.5 Mya.

Cambrian — about 153 of 153 occurrencesCambrian539–538 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences538–537 Mya — about 2 occurrences537–536 Mya — about 2 occurrences536–535 Mya — about 2 occurrences535–534 Mya — about 2 occurrences534–533 Mya — about 2 occurrences533–532 Mya — about 2 occurrences532–530 Mya — about 3 occurrences530–529 Mya — about 7 occurrences529–528 Mya — about 7 occurrences528–527 Mya — about 7 occurrences527–526 Mya — about 7 occurrences526–525 Mya — about 13 occurrences525–524 Mya — about 17 occurrences524–523 Mya — about 17 occurrences523–522 Mya — about 17 occurrences522–520 Mya — about 11 occurrences520–519 Mya — about 6 occurrences519–518 Mya — about 6 occurrences518–517 Mya — about 6 occurrences517–516 Mya — about 6 occurrences516–515 Mya — about 2 occurrences515–514 Mya — about 2 occurrences514–513 Mya — about 2 occurrences513–511 Mya — about 1 occurrence511–510 Mya — about 1.0 occurrences510–509 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences509–508 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences508–507 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences507–506 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences530.7 Mya512.1 Mya539.4 Mya505.9 Mya

153 occurrences of Halkieria on record, most of them in the Cambrian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

153 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

36 formations

Zhujiaqing — 27.93°N, 103.56°EZhujiaqing — 24.73°N, 102.57°EZhujiaqing — 25.52°N, 103.07°EZhujiaqing — 26.28°N, 103.22°EZhujiaqing — 26.38°N, 103.21°EPestrotsvet — 57.35°N, 131.20°EPestrotsvet — 57.67°N, 131.83°EPestrotsvet — 57.17°N, 132.00°EPestrotsvet — 60.70°N, 124.72°EPestrotsvet — 60.92°N, 125.77°EPestrotsvet — 60.83°N, 125.40°EPestrotsvet — 57.40°N, 132.73°EChulaktau — 43.47°N, 69.87°EChulaktau — 43.62°N, 69.73°EChulaktau — 43.47°N, 69.97°EChulaktau — 43.60°N, 69.45°EYurtus — 41.15°N, 80.25°EYurtus — 40.83°N, 79.67°EYurtus — 40.52°N, 79.05°EYurtus — 40.88°N, 79.47°EShabakty — 43.47°N, 69.87°EShabakty — 43.62°N, 69.73°EShabakty — 43.47°N, 69.97°EWeymouth — 42.03°N, 71.38°WWeymouth — 41.95°N, 71.28°WChapel Island — 46.92°N, 56.00°WChapel Island — 47.00°N, 56.00°WZhujianqing — 24.73°N, 102.57°EFosters Point — 46.00°N, 60.00°WFosters Point — 45.77°N, 60.29°WDengying — 25.08°N, 102.98°EDengying — 33.00°N, 107.92°EDengying — 25.52°N, 103.07°EKrasnoporog — 67.22°N, 87.03°EKrasnoporog — 67.14°N, 86.75°EShiyantou — 27.93°N, 103.56°EKessyusa — 71.33°N, 123.97°EMedvezhin — 70.50°N, 103.40°EMedvezhin — 70.67°N, 103.00°EMernmerna — 31.19°S, 138.87°EEmyaksin — 70.72°N, 112.88°EEmyaksin — 70.71°N, 112.79°EBuen — 82.63°N, 32.50°WBuen — 82.79°N, 42.23°WUst-Yudoma — 57.25°N, 131.20°EBrowns Pond — 42.22°N, 73.73°WSukharikha — 67.14°N, 86.75°EBeshtash — 42.17°N, 72.00°EBayan Gol — 46.70°N, 96.30°EMaidiping — 29.53°N, 103.39°EMarcou — 43.70°N, 3.01°E

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The named rock units Halkieria has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 12 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed.

Halkieria and its relatives

Cambrian

Where Halkieria and its relatives were recorded in the Cambrian.

Found in the same rock

518 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 123 sites for Halkieria, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

35 references

Each of the 153 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 23 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Halkieria

Credit
derivative work: Martin ( talk ) Halkieria2.jpg : Photo taken by Jakob Vinther
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Halkieria was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itHalkieriinae through timeFormations of the CambrianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Poulsen 1967