Holophragma

Holophragma is an extinct genus of rugose coral known from Ordovician and Silurian rocks in Scandinavia, Russia, Australia and the United States. Two of its species can be found on the northwestern coast of Gotland, where it is one of the most common fossil genera. It was described by Gustaf Lindström in the year 1896. The genus contains two species.

Holophragma

Oskar josefsson · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
LykophyllidaePBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB, for Rugosa
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Rugosa
Motility
stationary, attachedPBDB, for Rugosa
Vision
blindPBDB, for Anthozoa
Environment
marinePBDB, for Rugosa

Time the record covers

At least 16 million years on record.

The record covers at least 449 Mya to 432.9 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 452.3 Mya to 419.62 Mya.

Ordovician — about 4 of 14 occurrencesOrdovicianSilurian — about 10 of 14 occurrencesSilurianDevonian — about 0 of 14 occurrences453–452 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences452–451 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences451–450 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences450–448 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences448–447 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences447–446 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences446–445 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences445–444 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences444–443 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences443–442 Mya — about 1 occurrence442–440 Mya — about 1 occurrence440–439 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences439–438 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences438–437 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences437–436 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences436–435 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences435–434 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences434–433 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences433–431 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences431–430 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences430–429 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences429–428 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences428–427 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences427–426 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences426–425 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences425–423 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences423–422 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences422–421 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences421–420 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences420–419 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences449 Mya432.9 Mya453 Mya419 Mya

14 occurrences of Holophragma on record, most of them in the Silurian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

14 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

9 formations

Khandyg — 62.20°N, 138.15°EKhandyg — 62.93°N, 138.10°EKhaastyrka — 67.32°N, 103.85°EKhaastyrka — 67.33°N, 104.85°EWestfield Beds — 42.00°S, 146.00°EUpper Visby — 57.63°N, 18.30°EWestfield Sandstone — 42.62°S, 146.37°ECutter — 32.00°N, 106.50°WKuranakh — 62.93°N, 138.10°EBighorn Dolomite — 44.44°N, 106.92°WVtorye Utyosy — 51.23°N, 84.79°E

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The named rock units Holophragma has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 2 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Holophragma and its relatives

Silurian

Where Holophragma and its relatives were recorded in the Silurian.

Found in the same rock

249 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 11 sites for Holophragma, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

10 references

Each of the 14 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Holophragma

Credit
Oskar josefsson
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itLykophyllidae through timeFormations of the SilurianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Lindström 1896