Leptoria

Leptoria is a genus of stony corals in the family Merulinidae. Members of this genus are known as brain corals or closed brain corals. They are native to the Indo-Pacific region and their ranges extend from the Red Sea through the Indian Ocean as far as Japan and the South Central Pacific Ocean.

Leptoria

Philippe Bourjon · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
MerulinidaePBDB
Diet
microcarnivore, photosymbioticPBDB, for Scleractinia
Life habit
intermediate-level epifaunal, colonial, clonalPBDB, for Scleractinia
Motility
stationary, attachedPBDB, for Scleractinia
Vision
blindPBDB, for Anthozoa
Environment
marinePBDB, for Scleractinia

Time the record covers

At least 65 million years on record.

The record covers at least 66 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 72.2 Mya to 0 Mya.

Late Cretaceous — about 2 of 145 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 1 of 145 occurrencesPaleoceneEocene — about 12 of 145 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 22 of 145 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 13 of 145 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 19 of 145 occurrencesPleistocene — about 59 of 145 occurrences74–71 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences71–69 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences69–66 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences66–64 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences64–61 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences56–54 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences54–52 Mya — about 1 occurrence52–49 Mya — about 1 occurrence49–47 Mya — about 1 occurrence47–44 Mya — about 2 occurrences44–42 Mya — about 2 occurrences42–39 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences39–37 Mya — about 1 occurrence37–34 Mya — about 2 occurrences34–32 Mya — about 2 occurrences32–29 Mya — about 2 occurrences29–27 Mya — about 3 occurrences27–25 Mya — about 9 occurrences25–22 Mya — about 6 occurrences22–20 Mya — about 1 occurrence20–17 Mya — about 2 occurrences17–15 Mya — about 3 occurrences15–12 Mya — about 5 occurrences12–9.8 Mya — about 1 occurrence9.8–7.4 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences7.4–4.9 Mya — about 3 occurrences4.9–2.5 Mya — about 17 occurrences2.5–0 Mya — about 75 occurrences66 Mya11.7 ka74 Mya0 Mya

145 occurrences of Leptoria on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

145 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

31 formations

Riukiu Limestone — 28.33°N, 130.00°ERiukiu Limestone — 24.75°N, 125.33°ERiukiu Limestone — 24.45°N, 123.00°ETokelau — 17.32°S, 178.99°WYalam — 4.28°S, 151.83°ECastro Limestone — 40.00°N, 18.42°ECastro Limestone — 39.85°N, 18.38°EEptachorion — 40.13°N, 21.14°EQom — 32.95°N, 52.14°EQom — 31.50°N, 52.73°EQom — 29.31°N, 56.18°EGatuncillo — 9.25°N, 79.63°WNabire — 3.60°S, 135.52°EMoneague — 18.40°N, 77.37°WMoneague — 17.95°N, 77.38°WMerizo — 13.23°N, 144.72°EWaschberg — 48.42°N, 16.28°ESalayar — 5.90°S, 120.50°EEra Beds — 8.35°S, 146.28°EUpper Kalibeng — 7.25°S, 110.67°ESondé — 8.00°S, 114.00°EMiyako-jima — 24.80°N, 125.28°ERiukiu limestone — 23.00°N, 122.00°EAldabra Limestone — 9.42°S, 46.45°EBoat Cove — 29.22°S, 177.83°WDayrell — 29.23°S, 177.82°WLos Bagres — 10.95°N, 63.97°WSaidabad Coral Limestone — 29.52°N, 55.88°ESobe — 26.39°N, 127.73°ENuma — 34.97°N, 139.83°E

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The named rock units Leptoria has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 7 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 91 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Leptoria and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Leptoria and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

631 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 55 sites for Leptoria, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

80 references

Each of the 145 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 68 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Leptoria

Credit
Philippe Bourjon
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Credit
QQman
Licence
CC Attribution
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itMerulinidae through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Milne-Edwards and Haime 1848