Paxillosida

The Paxillosida are a large order of sea stars.

Paxillosida

Dr. Dwayne Meadows, NOAA/NMFS/OPR · Public Domain · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
ValvataceaPBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Asteroidea
Life habit
low-level epifaunalPBDB, for Asteroidea
Motility
slow-movingPBDB, for Asteroidea
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Asteroidea
Environment
marinePBDB, for Echinodermata

Time the record covers

At least 224 million years on record.

The record covers at least 227.3 Mya to 2.58 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 237 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Middle Triassic — about 0 of 208 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 3 of 208 occurrencesLate TriassicEarly Jurassic — about 1 of 208 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 24 of 208 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 20 of 208 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 30 of 208 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 74 of 208 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 5 of 208 occurrencesEocene — about 27 of 208 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 5 of 208 occurrencesMiocene — about 13 of 208 occurrencesPliocene — about 6 of 208 occurrencesPleistocene — about 1 of 208 occurrences242–234 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences234–226 Mya — about 2 occurrences185–177 Mya — about 1 occurrence177–169 Mya — about 2 occurrences169–161 Mya — about 22 occurrences161–153 Mya — about 12 occurrences153–145 Mya — about 8 occurrences145–137 Mya — about 3 occurrences137–129 Mya — about 7 occurrences129–121 Mya — about 11 occurrences121–113 Mya — about 2 occurrences113–105 Mya — about 3 occurrences105–97 Mya — about 17 occurrences97–89 Mya — about 14 occurrences89–81 Mya — about 9 occurrences81–73 Mya — about 5 occurrences73–64 Mya — about 35 occurrences64–56 Mya — about 3 occurrences56–48 Mya — about 6 occurrences48–40 Mya — about 15 occurrences40–32 Mya — about 6 occurrences32–24 Mya — about 3 occurrences24–16 Mya — about 7 occurrences16–8.1 Mya — about 5 occurrences8.1–0 Mya — about 7 occurrences227.3 Mya2.58 Mya242 Mya0 Mya

208 occurrences of Paxillosida on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

208 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

74 formations

La Meseta — 64.24°S, 56.67°WLa Meseta — 64.26°S, 56.68°WLa Meseta — 64.24°S, 56.65°WLa Meseta — 64.25°S, 56.62°WGulpen — 50.73°N, 5.67°EGulpen — 50.75°N, 5.67°EMaastricht — 50.85°N, 5.70°EMaastricht — 50.85°N, 5.77°EMaastricht — 50.86°N, 5.79°EPierre Blanche de Langrune — 49.30°N, 0.35°WMaastricht — 50.80°N, 5.67°EEffinger Schichten — 47.26°N, 7.52°EPawpaw — 32.84°N, 97.29°WPawpaw — 32.70°N, 97.30°WPawpaw — 32.63°N, 97.40°WLower Chalk — 51.08°N, 1.18°ELower Chalk — 51.13°N, 1.33°EKeasey — 46.00°N, 123.25°WTaboulouart — 30.78°N, 8.53°WAtherfield Clay — 50.60°N, 1.32°WAtherfield Clay — 50.61°N, 1.36°WPapierschiefer — 48.87°N, 11.77°EHouthem — 50.87°N, 5.78°EWhite Chalk — 54.52°N, 13.63°ESables de Montormel — 48.97°N, 0.05°WMarnes de Foncouverte — 43.15°N, 2.57°EMarnes de Foncouverte — 43.17°N, 2.70°ECarmel — 38.28°N, 111.48°WCarmel — 37.20°N, 113.58°WEtchegoin — 36.00°N, 120.13°WPico — 34.42°N, 119.00°WNavidad — 33.95°S, 71.87°WHasler — 55.96°N, 122.03°WNawodzice sands — 50.62°N, 21.43°ECozy Dell — 34.54°N, 119.25°WCozy Dell — 34.55°N, 119.23°WRaibl — 47.35°N, 11.32°ERaibl — 47.33°N, 11.46°E

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Paxillosida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 50 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 59 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Paxillosida and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Paxillosida and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

2,001 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 163 sites for Paxillosida, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

80 references

Each of the 208 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 68 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Paxillosida

Credit
Dr. Dwayne Meadows, NOAA/NMFS/OPR
Licence
Public Domain
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Paxillosida was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itValvatacea through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Perrier 1884)