Permocupedidae

Permocupedidae is an extinct family of protocoleopteran stem group beetles. They first appeared during the Early Permian, and were one of the dominant groups of beetles during the Middle Permian. They became rare in the Late Permian, with only one species known from the Triassic, Frankencupes ultimus from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Röt Formation of Germany. They are thought to have been xylophagous, which is presumed to be the ancestral ecology of beetles.

Permocupedidae

Xianye Zhao, Yilun Yu, Matthew E Clapham, Evgeny Yan, Jun Chen, Edmund A Jarzembowski, Xiangdong Zhao, Bo Wang · CC BY 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
MesocoleopteraPBDB
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Arthropoda
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Insecta

Time the record covers

At least 38 million years on record.

The record covers at least 283.3 Mya to 245.19 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 290.1 Mya to 244.4 Mya.

Permian — about 42 of 46 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 3 of 46 occurrencesEarly TriassicMiddle Triassic — about 1 of 46 occurrences291–289 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences289–288 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences288–286 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences286–285 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences285–283 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences283–282 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences282–280 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences280–278 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences278–277 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences277–275 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences275–274 Mya — about 3 occurrences274–272 Mya — about 5 occurrences272–270 Mya — about 5 occurrences270–269 Mya — about 5 occurrences269–267 Mya — about 5 occurrences267–266 Mya — about 4 occurrences266–264 Mya — about 3 occurrences264–262 Mya — about 1 occurrence262–261 Mya — about 1 occurrence261–259 Mya — about 1 occurrence259–258 Mya — about 1 occurrence258–256 Mya — about 1 occurrence256–255 Mya — about 1 occurrence255–253 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences253–251 Mya — about 1 occurrence251–250 Mya — about 2 occurrences247–245 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences245–243 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences283.3 Mya245.19 Mya291 Mya243.5 Mya

46 occurrences of Permocupedidae on record, most of them in the Permian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

46 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

15 formations

Mitina — 53.55°N, 87.25°EIva-Gora Beds — 65.55°N, 43.67°EIva-Gora Beds — 65.59°N, 42.57°EGramoteinskaya — 54.21°N, 86.90°EBelebeevo — 56.34°N, 50.75°ENidym — 64.29°N, 100.30°EBaitugan — 55.89°N, 53.34°EIrati — 30.14°S, 52.05°WKazankovo-Markinskaya — 53.92°N, 87.25°EPospelovo — 43.05°N, 131.90°EPoldarsa — 60.61°N, 45.62°EYinping — 31.50°N, 117.79°EAmanak — 51.88°N, 54.84°EWhitehill — 33.76°S, 19.59°ERöt — 50.46°N, 8.78°EAbrahamskraal — 32.62°S, 20.42°E

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The named rock units Permocupedidae has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 3 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Permocupedidae and its relatives

Permian

Where Permocupedidae and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.

Found in the same rock

878 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 24 sites for Permocupedidae, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

14 references

Each of the 46 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 2 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Permocupedidae

Credit
Xianye Zhao, Yilun Yu, Matthew E Clapham, Evgeny Yan, Jun Chen, Edmund A Jarzembowski, Xiangdong Zhao, Bo Wang
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Permocupedidae was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itMesocoleoptera through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Martynov 1932