Spatangoida

The heart urchins are members of the order Spatangoida of sea urchins. Their body are somewhat elongated ovals in form, and are distinguished by the mouth being placed towards one end of the animal, and the anus towards the other. As a result, unlike most other sea urchins, heart urchins are bilaterally symmetrical, and have a distinct anterior surface. The presence and position of the mouth and anus typically give members of this group the distinct "heart" shape from which they get their common name. Heart urchins have no feeding lantern, and often have petaloids sunk into grooves. They are a relatively diverse order, with a number of varying species.

Spatangoida

Uncredited · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Also called
heart urchinPBDB
Sits inside
AtelostomataPBDB
Diet
deposit feeder, detritivorePBDB
Life habit
shallow infaunalPBDB
Motility
slow-movingPBDB
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Echinoidea
Environment
marinePBDB

Time the record covers

At least 138 million years on record.

The record covers at least 139.1 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 161.5 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Middle Jurassic — about 0 of 2277 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 1 of 2277 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 445 of 2277 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 910 of 2277 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 100 of 2277 occurrencesEocene — about 310 of 2277 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 117 of 2277 occurrencesMiocene — about 297 of 2277 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 70 of 2277 occurrencesPleistocene — about 28 of 2277 occurrences165–159 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences159–154 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences154–148 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences148–143 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences143–137 Mya — about 2 occurrences137–132 Mya — about 42 occurrences132–126 Mya — about 107 occurrences126–121 Mya — about 41 occurrences121–115 Mya — about 56 occurrences115–110 Mya — about 62 occurrences110–104 Mya — about 68 occurrences104–99 Mya — about 106 occurrences99–93 Mya — about 153 occurrences93–88 Mya — about 264 occurrences88–82 Mya — about 129 occurrences82–77 Mya — about 76 occurrences77–71 Mya — about 89 occurrences71–66 Mya — about 160 occurrences66–60 Mya — about 64 occurrences60–55 Mya — about 39 occurrences55–49 Mya — about 22 occurrences49–44 Mya — about 48 occurrences44–38 Mya — about 116 occurrences38–33 Mya — about 128 occurrences33–27 Mya — about 55 occurrences27–22 Mya — about 71 occurrences22–16 Mya — about 113 occurrences16–11 Mya — about 116 occurrences11–5.5 Mya — about 47 occurrences5.5–0 Mya — about 99 occurrences139.1 Mya129 ka165 Mya0 Mya

2,277 occurrences of Spatangoida on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

2,277 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

402 formations

Cotinguiba — 10.86°S, 37.17°WCotinguiba — 10.80°S, 37.17°WCotinguiba — 10.61°S, 36.94°WCotinguiba — 10.63°S, 36.95°WCotinguiba — 10.76°S, 37.07°WCotinguiba — 10.86°S, 37.15°WCotinguiba — 10.82°S, 37.04°WCotinguiba — 11.01°S, 37.28°WCotinguiba — 10.70°S, 36.98°WCalcaires à Spatangues — 48.73°N, 4.92°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.69°N, 5.03°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.64°N, 5.04°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.60°N, 5.13°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.54°N, 5.05°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.53°N, 4.99°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.42°N, 5.06°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.41°N, 4.87°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.40°N, 4.84°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.35°N, 4.74°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.30°N, 4.58°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.27°N, 4.53°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.21°N, 4.54°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.16°N, 4.45°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.17°N, 4.34°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.11°N, 4.32°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.09°N, 4.24°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.02°N, 4.17°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 48.02°N, 4.04°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.98°N, 4.08°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.94°N, 3.98°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.83°N, 3.93°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.95°N, 3.90°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.92°N, 3.84°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.87°N, 3.66°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.83°N, 3.67°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.80°N, 3.65°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.76°N, 3.51°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.74°N, 3.52°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.33°N, 2.83°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.64°N, 3.33°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.51°N, 3.12°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.40°N, 2.77°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.35°N, 2.75°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.68°N, 3.37°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.57°N, 3.23°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.55°N, 3.18°ECalcaires à Spatangues — 47.50°N, 3.05°EOlazagutia — 42.88°N, 2.20°WCastle Hayne — 34.64°N, 77.65°WCastle Hayne — 34.37°N, 77.86°WCastle Hayne — 34.66°N, 77.73°WCastle Hayne — 34.80°N, 78.02°WCastle Hayne — 34.36°N, 77.82°WCastle Hayne — 35.01°N, 77.57°WCastle Hayne — 34.23°N, 77.94°WCastle Hayne — 35.25°N, 77.44°WCastle Hayne — 35.30°N, 77.28°WPrairie Bluff — 34.24°N, 89.00°WPrairie Bluff — 33.90°N, 88.98°WPrairie Bluff — 33.38°N, 88.74°WPrairie Bluff — 34.48°N, 88.98°WPrairie Bluff — 33.73°N, 88.90°WPrairie Bluff — 32.73°N, 88.30°WPrairie Bluff — 32.43°N, 88.04°WPrairie Bluff — 32.23°N, 87.50°WPrairie Bluff — 32.04°N, 87.26°WPrairie Bluff — 32.05°N, 86.81°WPrairie Bluff — 32.04°N, 86.79°WPrairie Bluff — 32.00°N, 86.48°WPrairie Bluff — 31.98°N, 86.00°WPrairie Bluff — 32.13°N, 87.40°WPrairie Bluff — 32.07°N, 87.33°WPrairie Bluff — 33.46°N, 88.79°WPrairie Bluff — 34.76°N, 88.92°WPrairie Bluff — 34.56°N, 88.99°WPrairie Bluff — 34.41°N, 88.98°WPrairie Bluff — 32.67°N, 88.19°WPrairie Bluff — 34.05°N, 88.97°WPrairie Bluff — 34.25°N, 88.98°WGrès verts helvétiques — 45.99°N, 6.71°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.10°N, 6.82°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.03°N, 6.57°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.01°N, 6.35°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.02°N, 6.75°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.05°N, 6.52°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.95°N, 6.31°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.88°N, 6.32°ECabo de Lata — 43.49°N, 3.79°WCabo de Lata — 42.91°N, 1.78°WCabo de Lata — 42.84°N, 2.18°WGulpen — 50.73°N, 5.67°EGulpen — 50.75°N, 5.67°ENeptune Glacier — 72.05°S, 69.68°WNeptune Glacier — 72.13°S, 69.00°WNeptune Glacier — 72.15°S, 69.00°WNeptune Glacier — 72.07°S, 68.92°WNeptune Glacier — 71.80°S, 68.45°WNeptune Glacier — 71.85°S, 68.72°WNeptune Glacier — 71.86°S, 68.46°WNeptune Glacier — 71.76°S, 68.63°WNeptune Glacier — 71.68°S, 68.22°WNeptune Glacier — 71.98°S, 68.62°WNeptune Glacier — 71.87°S, 68.77°WHalal — 30.37°N, 34.45°EHalal — 30.37°N, 33.52°EHalal — 30.79°N, 33.48°EHalal — 30.67°N, 33.42°EAzilé — 0.42°N, 9.46°ECorsicana Marl — 30.23°N, 97.52°WCorsicana Marl — 29.37°N, 98.78°WCorsicana Marl — 29.48°N, 98.81°WCorsicana Marl — 29.57°N, 97.96°WCorsicana Marl — 29.37°N, 98.71°WCorsicana Marl — 29.40°N, 98.63°WCorsicana Marl — 29.59°N, 98.08°WMancos Shale — 36.14°N, 109.82°WMancos Shale — 36.12°N, 109.91°WMancos Shale — 35.73°N, 110.82°WMancos Shale — 36.18°N, 109.88°WMancos Shale — 35.85°N, 109.83°WMancos Shale — 35.05°N, 110.10°WMancos Shale — 34.44°N, 107.47°WMancos Shale — 33.89°N, 106.75°WMancos Shale — 34.35°N, 107.18°WMancos Shale — 35.28°N, 108.57°WMancos Shale — 35.71°N, 106.95°WMancos Shale — 34.82°N, 107.64°WMancos Shale — 33.13°N, 107.21°WSaratoga Chalk — 33.97°N, 93.37°WSaratoga Chalk — 34.08°N, 93.12°WSaratoga Chalk — 33.80°N, 93.70°WSaratoga Chalk — 34.02°N, 93.29°WSaratoga Chalk — 34.04°N, 93.14°WSaratoga Chalk — 33.76°N, 93.90°WSantee Limestone — 33.45°N, 80.16°WSantee Limestone — 33.33°N, 80.15°WSantee Limestone — 33.33°N, 79.69°WSantee Limestone — 33.28°N, 80.41°WSantee Limestone — 33.43°N, 80.10°WMaastricht — 50.85°N, 5.70°EMaastricht — 50.85°N, 6.77°EMaastricht — 50.86°N, 5.79°EAhlen — 51.80°N, 8.05°EAhlen — 51.80°N, 8.00°EAhlen — 51.72°N, 8.03°EAhlen — 51.70°N, 7.92°EOcala — 30.92°N, 84.56°WOcala — 29.40°N, 82.48°WOcala — 29.60°N, 82.39°WOcala — 29.80°N, 83.32°WOcala — 30.07°N, 83.17°WOcala — 31.61°N, 84.15°WOcala — 31.31°N, 86.59°WOcala — 31.90°N, 83.92°WBorutta — 40.83°N, 8.43°EAnacacho Limestone — 29.44°N, 98.86°WAnacacho Limestone — 29.19°N, 100.30°WAnacacho Limestone — 29.20°N, 100.07°WAnacacho Limestone — 29.50°N, 98.91°WAnacacho Limestone — 29.25°N, 99.91°WAnacacho Limestone — 29.36°N, 99.48°WAnacacho Limestone — 29.44°N, 98.66°WAnacacho Limestone — 29.40°N, 99.17°WAbu Qada — 29.13°N, 33.28°EAbu Qada — 28.65°N, 33.24°EAbu Qada — 29.67°N, 34.50°EAbu Qada — 29.28°N, 34.72°EAbu Qada — 30.37°N, 34.45°EAbu Qada — 29.63°N, 34.40°EPietra Leccese — 40.15°N, 18.50°EPietra Leccese — 40.08°N, 18.42°EPietra Leccese — 40.38°N, 18.18°EDammam — 25.49°N, 50.85°EDammam — 25.22°N, 50.83°EDammam — 25.52°N, 50.86°EVincentown — 39.97°N, 74.68°WVincentown — 39.93°N, 74.78°WVincentown — 39.88°N, 75.13°WVincentown — 40.04°N, 74.98°WVincentown — 39.80°N, 75.06°W

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The named rock units Spatangoida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 378 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 574 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Spatangoida and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Spatangoida and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

2,289 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 1,441 sites for Spatangoida, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

397 references

Each of the 2,277 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 385 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Spatangoida

Credit
nobody named on the record
Licence
not stated by the source
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itAtelostomata through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Agassiz 1840)