Cissus

Cissus is a genus of 350 species of lianas in the grape family (Vitaceae). Species are native to the tropical and subtropical Americas, sub-Saharan Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, tropical Asia, Papuasia, and Australia.

Cissus

Forest & Kim Starr · CC BY 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
VitaceaePBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Angiospermae

Time the record covers

At least 72 million years on record.

The record covers at least 72.2 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 100.5 Mya to 0 Mya.

Early Cretaceous — about 0 of 66 occurrencesLate Cretaceous — about 9 of 66 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 36 of 66 occurrencesPaleoceneEocene — about 7 of 66 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 2 of 66 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 1 of 66 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 0 of 66 occurrencesPleistocene — about 10 of 66 occurrences103–99 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences99–96 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences96–92 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences92–89 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences89–85 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences85–82 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences82–79 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences79–75 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences75–72 Mya — about 1 occurrence72–68 Mya — about 3 occurrences68–65 Mya — about 7 occurrences65–62 Mya — about 13 occurrences62–58 Mya — about 11 occurrences58–55 Mya — about 7 occurrences55–51 Mya — about 1 occurrence51–48 Mya — about 1 occurrence48–44 Mya — about 1 occurrence44–41 Mya — about 1 occurrence41–38 Mya — about 1 occurrence38–34 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences34–31 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences31–27 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences27–24 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences24–21 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences21–17 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences17–14 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences14–10 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences10–6.8 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences6.8–3.4 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences3.4–0 Mya — about 11 occurrences72.2 Mya11.7 ka103 Mya0 Mya

66 occurrences of Cissus on record, most of them in the Paleocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

66 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

21 formations

Dawson arkose — 39.43°N, 102.97°WDawson arkose — 39.22°N, 104.22°WDawson arkose — 38.83°N, 104.82°WDawson arkose — 38.93°N, 104.60°WDawson arkose — 39.03°N, 104.30°WDawson arkose — 39.06°N, 104.21°WFort Union — 44.00°N, 108.00°WFort Union — 43.87°N, 108.17°WFort Union — 47.10°N, 104.72°WFort Union — 41.63°N, 107.55°WFort Union — 46.10°N, 109.95°WFort Union — 40.52°N, 107.55°WFort Union — 43.85°N, 108.35°WRaton — 37.62°N, 104.78°WRaton — 37.17°N, 104.50°WRaton — 37.15°N, 104.62°WRaton — 37.00°N, 104.48°WRaton — 37.05°N, 105.00°WAnimas — 37.27°N, 107.30°WAnimas — 37.03°N, 107.20°WLance — 43.08°N, 104.63°WLance — 43.15°N, 104.61°WCretaceous — 43.09°N, 104.53°WNacimiento — 36.79°N, 104.87°WNacimiento — 34.12°N, 107.23°WWasatch — 39.53°N, 107.78°WWasatch — 41.78°N, 107.23°WFerris? — 41.95°N, 106.82°WFerris? — 41.94°N, 106.86°WMcRae — 33.13°N, 107.25°WKirtland — 36.27°N, 108.24°WSepulcher — 44.00°N, 110.00°WDenver — 39.75°N, 105.22°WDenver? — 38.37°N, 105.17°WCoalmont — 40.62°N, 106.10°WLaramie — 39.06°N, 104.17°WFerris — 41.75°N, 106.63°WFort Union? — 43.02°N, 106.09°WMancora — 5.03°S, 80.16°WRockdale — 30.32°N, 97.30°WWuyun — 49.28°N, 129.67°E

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The named rock units Cissus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 16 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Cissus and its relatives

Paleocene

Where Cissus and its relatives were recorded in the Paleocene.

Found in the same rock

571 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 60 sites for Cissus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

14 references

Each of the 66 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 2 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Cissus

Credit
Forest & Kim Starr
Licence
CC BY 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Cissus was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itVitaceae through timeFormations of the PaleoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Linnaeus 1753