Combretum

Combretum, the bushwillows or combretums, make up the type genus of the family Combretaceae. The genus comprises about 272 species of trees and shrubs, most of which are native to tropical and southern Africa, about 5 to Madagascar, but there are others that are native to tropical Asia, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago, Australia, and tropical America.

Combretum

Marco Schmidt · CC BY-SA 2.5 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Also called
bushwillowPBDB
Sits inside
CombretaceaePBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Angiospermae

Time the record covers

At least 68 million years on record.

The record covers at least 72.2 Mya to 3.6 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 89.8 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Late Cretaceous — about 2 of 35 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 0 of 35 occurrencesPaleoceneEocene — about 3 of 35 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 0 of 35 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 24 of 35 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 4 of 35 occurrencesPleistocene — about 2 of 35 occurrences92–89 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences89–85 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences85–82 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences82–79 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences79–76 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences76–73 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences73–70 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences67–64 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences64–61 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences61–58 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences58–55 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences55–52 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences52–49 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences49–46 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences46–43 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences43–40 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences40–37 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences37–34 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences34–31 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences31–27 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences27–24 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences24–21 Mya — about 2 occurrences21–18 Mya — about 4 occurrences18–15 Mya — about 4 occurrences15–12 Mya — about 5 occurrences12–9.2 Mya — about 4 occurrences9.2–6.1 Mya — about 4 occurrences6.1–3.1 Mya — about 4 occurrences3.1–0 Mya — about 2 occurrences72.2 Mya3.6 Mya92 Mya0 Mya

35 occurrences of Combretum on record, most of them in the Miocene. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

35 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

9 formations

Nkondo — 1.50°N, 31.00°EComox — 49.75°N, 125.00°WExtension — 49.00°N, 124.00°WRockdale — 30.32°N, 97.30°WLower Churia — 27.71°N, 82.53°EKimin — 27.08°N, 93.65°ELower — 29.15°N, 80.19°EDafla — 26.94°N, 92.81°EAckerman — 34.66°N, 89.10°W

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The named rock units Combretum has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 9 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Combretum and its relatives

Miocene

Where Combretum and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.

Found in the same rock

386 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 26 sites for Combretum, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

19 references

Each of the 35 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 7 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Combretum

Credit
Marco Schmidt
Licence
CC BY-SA 2.5
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Combretum was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itCombretaceae through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Löfling 1763