Cotoneaster nummularius

Cotoneaster nummularius, the nummular or coinwort cotoneaster, is a deciduous shrub in the rose family. It is native to a wide geographical range spanning from Morocco and Greece eastward through the Middle East, Central Asia, and into parts of China and India. It typically grows at altitudes between 800 and 2,400 meters in semi-arid montane climates, forming dense, rounded thickets. Characterized by its small, alternate leaves with dark green upper surfaces and densely grey undersides, C. nummularius produces white to pinkish-white hermaphroditic flowers from April to June. These are followed by round or oval pomes that ripen from red to bluish-black or black-violet between August and October. The fruits contain cyanogenic glycosides, which contribute to their toxicity and aid in seed dispersal by birds. Beyond its ornamental value in landscaping, C. nummularius has a history of traditional medicinal use in various Asian cultures, where its fruits and other parts have been employed as an appetite stimulant, expectorant, and for treating conditions like malarial fever and rheumatic ailments. Modern pharmacological investigations have identified a complex phytochemical composition, including flavonoids and procyanidins, and have demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and anti-jaundice properties.

Cotoneaster nummularius

Gideon Pisanty ( Gidip ) גדעון פיזנטי · CC BY 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
CotoneasterPBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Angiospermae

Time the record covers

At most 2.6 million years on record.

The one occurrence read is dated to somewhere between 2.58 Mya and 11.7 ka, which is a dating window rather than a span.

Pliocene — about 0 of 1 occurrencePleistocene — about 1 of 1 occurrencePleistoceneHolocene — about 0 of 1 occurrence2.7–2.6 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences2.6–2.5 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences2.5–2.4 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences2.4–2.3 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences2.3–2.2 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences2.2–2.1 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences2.1–2.0 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences2.0–1.8 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.8–1.7 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.7–1.6 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.6–1.5 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.5–1.4 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.4–1.3 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.3–1.2 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.2–1.1 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.1–1.0 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences1.0–924 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences924 ka–821 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences821 ka–719 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences719 ka–616 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences616 ka–513 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences513 ka–411 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences411 ka–308 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences308 ka–205 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences205 ka–103 ka Mya — about 0.0 occurrences103 ka–0 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences3.08 Mya0 Mya

1 occurrence of Cotoneaster nummularius on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

1 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Cotoneaster nummularius and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Cotoneaster nummularius and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

54 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 1 site for Cotoneaster nummularius, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

1 reference

Each of the 1 occurrence read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Each entry links to the Paleobiology Database's own record for the work.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Cotoneaster nummularius

Credit
Gideon Pisanty ( Gidip ) גדעון פיזנטי
Licence
CC BY 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Cotoneaster nummularius was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itCotoneaster through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Fischer and von Meyer 1836