Epitonium (Scala)

A picture published with the record for Epitonium (Scala). What it shows has not been checked.

Smithsonian Institution · CC0 · via Smithsonian. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
EpitoniumPBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Epitoniidae
Life habit
semi-infaunalPBDB, for Epitonium
Motility
slow-movingPBDB, for Epitoniidae
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Gastropoda

Time the record covers

At least 99 million years on record.

The record covers at least 100.5 Mya to 774 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 113.2 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Early Cretaceous — about 2 of 62 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 8 of 62 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 3 of 62 occurrencesPaleoceneEocene — about 20 of 62 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 0 of 62 occurrencesMiocene — about 13 of 62 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 11 of 62 occurrencesPleistocene — about 5 of 62 occurrences115–112 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences112–108 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences108–104 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences104–100 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences85–81 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences81–77 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences77–73 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences73–69 Mya — about 3 occurrences69–65 Mya — about 3 occurrences65–62 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences62–58 Mya — about 1 occurrence58–54 Mya — about 1 occurrence50–46 Mya — about 2 occurrences46–42 Mya — about 4 occurrences42–38 Mya — about 8 occurrences38–35 Mya — about 5 occurrences35–31 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences23–19 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences19–15 Mya — about 2 occurrences15–12 Mya — about 9 occurrences12–7.7 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences7.7–3.8 Mya — about 6 occurrences3.8–0 Mya — about 10 occurrences100.5 Mya774 ka115 Mya0 Mya

62 occurrences of Epitonium (Scala) on record, most of them in the Eocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

62 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

23 formations

Choptank — 38.73°N, 76.02°WChoptank — 38.41°N, 76.48°WChoptank — 38.38°N, 76.38°WFaluns de la Touraine — 47.40°N, 1.23°ECook Mountain — 31.12°N, 95.90°WCook Mountain — 31.20°N, 95.73°WCook Mountain — 30.63°N, 96.55°WCook Mountain — 30.64°N, 96.52°WPrairie Bluff — 32.57°N, 88.20°WPrairie Bluff — 32.43°N, 88.04°WPrairie Bluff — 32.13°N, 87.40°WPrairie Bluff — 32.07°N, 87.33°WBowden — 17.88°N, 76.28°WArenas de Huelva — 37.32°N, 6.67°WRipley — 35.32°N, 88.42°WRipley — 32.64°N, 88.17°WAmbarimaninga — 16.50°S, 46.00°EWeches — 31.21°N, 96.02°WWeches — 30.69°N, 96.58°WGosport Sand — 31.55°N, 87.91°WChipola — 30.43°N, 84.98°WDry Creek Sands — 34.75°S, 138.68°ECanoa — 0.20°N, 80.27°WMarna di Possagno — 46.16°N, 13.37°EMishash — 30.17°N, 35.00°EOiching — 47.92°N, 13.00°EWerder — 52.98°N, 9.06°EAquia — 38.50°N, 77.59°WShoal River — 30.72°N, 86.12°WWexford Gravels — 52.43°N, 6.33°WSabbie di Asti — 44.90°N, 8.20°ELillo — 51.25°N, 4.43°EKemp Clay — 30.33°N, 97.46°W

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The named rock units Epitonium (Scala) has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 14 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Epitonium (Scala) and its relatives

Eocene

Where Epitonium (Scala) and its relatives were recorded in the Eocene.

Found in the same rock

2,520 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 44 sites for Epitonium (Scala), and this reads all of them. Of that, one read hit the database's own return limit, so every count below is a floor rather than a total. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

29 references

Each of the 62 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 17 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Epitonium (Scala)

Source
Smithsonian
Credit
Smithsonian Institution
Licence
CC0 — this site’s default, not the record’s
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itEpitonium through timeFormations of the EoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Humphrey)