Fulmarus
The fulmars are tube-nosed seabirds in the family Procellariidae. The family includes two extant species, and two extinct fossil species from the Miocene.

Uncredited · CC BY-SA 2.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Sits inside
- ProcellariidaePBDB
- Diet
- carnivorePBDB, for Coelurosauria
- Life habit
- ground dwelling, solitaryPBDB, for Theropoda
- Motility
- actively mobilePBDB, for Theropoda
- Environment
- marinePBDB, for Procellariiformes
Time the record covers
At least 13 million years on record.
The record covers at least 13.82 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 15.98 Mya to 0 Mya.
33 occurrences of Fulmarus on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
33 occurrences- Miocene12%
- Pleistocene48%
- Holocene40%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
5 formations
- Pisco Formation2
- Palos Verdes Sand Formation1
- San Pedro Formation1
- Monterey Formation1
- Temblor Formation1
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The named rock units Fulmarus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 27 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Fulmarus and its relatives
PleistoceneWhere Fulmarus and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.
Found in the same rock
559 taxa- Ardenna grisea13 sites
- Chendytes lawi13 sites
- Phalacrocorax penicillatus13 sites
- Uria aalge13 sites
- Ptychoramphus aleuticus12 sites
- Phoebastria albatrus11 sites
- Puffinus opisthomelas11 sites
- Synthliboramphus antiquus11 sites
- Branta canadensis10 sites
- Anser caerulescens9 sites
- Haliaeetus leucocephalus9 sites
- Phalacrocorax pelagicus9 sites
- Buteo jamaicensis8 sites
- Melanitta fusca8 sites
- Melanitta perspicillata8 sites
- Podiceps nigricollis8 sites
- Larus7 sites
- Phoca hispida7 sites
- Tyto alba7 sites
- Cepphus columba6 sites
- Erignathus barbatus6 sites
- Fratercula dowi6 sites
- Phalacrocorax6 sites
- Rangifer tarandus6 sites
The Paleobiology Database records 33 sites for Fulmarus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
25 references- Distribution and provenance of fossil avifauna on San Miguel Island7
- L'avifaune Mio-Pliocene de la Formation Pisco (Perou) etude prliminaire2
- A late Pleistocene avifauna from San Miguel Island, California2
- Polar bear fossil and archaeological records from the Pleistocene and Holocene in relation to sea ice extent and open water polynyas1
- Pleistocene seabirds from Shiriya, northeast Japan: systematics and oceanographic context1
- Terminal Pleistocene–Holocene Avifauna of San Miguel and Santa Rosa Islands: Identifications of Previously Unidentified Avian Remains Recovered from Fossil Sites and Prehistoric Cave Deposits1
- Holocene environmental changes and the seal (Phocidae) fauna of the Baltic Sea: coming, going and staying1
- Prehistoric human impacts on California birds: evidence from the Emeryville shellmoumd avifauna1
- The Northernmost Ruins of the Globe1
- Human exploitation of seabirds in coastal southern Chile during the mid-Holocene1
- Seabirds and Late Pleistocene marine environments in the Northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean1
- Fossils indicate Pelecanoides georgicus had large colonies at Mason Bay, Stewart Island, New Zealand1
Each of the 33 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 13 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content2
Picture of Fulmarus
- Source
- Wikipedia/Commons
- Credit
- nobody named on the record
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 2.0
- Commercial use
- the licence allows it
3D model
- Source
- Sketchfab
- Licence
- CC Attribution
- Commercial use
- cannot be read from the licence given — check the record
Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.
The description on this site
- Source
- Wikipedia, “Fulmar”
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itProcellariidae through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Stephens 1826