Philesturnus carunculatus
The South Island saddleback or tīeke is a forest-dwelling passerine bird in the New Zealand wattlebird family which is endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Both the North Island saddleback and this species were formerly considered conspecific. The Department of Conservation currently has the South Island saddleback listed as At Risk--Declining.
Bernard Spragg. NZ from Christchurch, New Zealand · CC0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Also called
- South Island saddlebackPBDB
- Sits inside
- PhilesturnusPBDB
- Diet
- carnivorePBDB, for Coelurosauria
- Life habit
- ground dwelling, solitaryPBDB, for Theropoda
- Motility
- actively mobilePBDB, for Theropoda
- Environment
- terrestrialPBDB, for Theropoda
- Mass
- 69 gWikidata
Time the record covers
At most 129 thousand years on record.
Every occurrence read is dated to somewhere between 129 ka and 0 Mya, and nothing in the dating separates them, so that window is what the record shows rather than a span.
11 occurrences of Philesturnus carunculatus on record, most of them in the Holocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
11 occurrences- Pleistocene9%
- Holocene91%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
1 formation
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The named rock units Philesturnus carunculatus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 10 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Philesturnus carunculatus and its relatives
HoloceneWhere Philesturnus carunculatus and its relatives were recorded in the Holocene.
Found in the same rock
138 taxa- Cyanoramphus9 sites
- Coturnix novaezelandiae8 sites
- Gallirallus australis8 sites
- Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae8 sites
- Coenocorypha aucklandica7 sites
- Anthus novaeseelandiae6 sites
- Callaeas cinereus6 sites
- Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae6 sites
- Turnagra capensis6 sites
- Aegotheles novaezealandiae5 sites
- Apteryx5 sites
- Apteryx australis5 sites
- Chenonetta finschi5 sites
- Hoplodactylus maculatus5 sites
- Megalurus punctatus5 sites
- Petroica australis5 sites
- Rattus exulans5 sites
- Anas chlorotis4 sites
- Anthornis melanura4 sites
- Aptornis defossor4 sites
- Ardenna grisea4 sites
- Corvus moriorum4 sites
- Emeidae4 sites
- Emeus crassus4 sites
The Paleobiology Database records 11 sites for Philesturnus carunculatus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
4 references- Quaternary fossil fauna of South Canterbury, South Island, New Zealand7
- A remarkable fossil and archaeological avifauna from Marfells Beach, Lake Grassmere, South Island, New Zealand2
- Late-Pleistocene avifaunas from Cape Wanbrow, Otago, South Island, New Zealand1
- Fossils indicate Pelecanoides georgicus had large colonies at Mason Bay, Stewart Island, New Zealand1
Each of the 11 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content1
Picture of Philesturnus carunculatus
- Source
- Wikipedia/Commons
- Credit
- Bernard Spragg. NZ from Christchurch, New Zealand
- Licence
- CC0
- Commercial use
- the licence allows it
No 3D scan of Philesturnus carunculatus was found in Sketchfab.
Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.
The description on this site
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itPhilesturnus through timeFormations of the HoloceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Gmelin 1789)