Psocodea

Psocodea is a taxonomic group of insects comprising the bark lice, book lice and parasitic lice. It was formerly considered a superorder, but is now generally considered by entomologists as an order. Despite the greatly differing appearance of parasitic lice (Phthiraptera), they are believed to have evolved from within the former order Psocoptera, which contained the bark lice and book lice, now found to be paraphyletic.

Psocodea

L. Shyamal · CC BY-SA 2.5 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Also called
bark lousePBDB
Sits inside
NeopteraPBDB
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Arthropoda
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Insecta

Time the record covers

At least 201 million years on record.

The record covers at least 201.4 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 205.7 Mya to 0 Mya.

Late Triassic — about 1 of 308 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 1 of 308 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 0 of 308 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 9 of 308 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 50 of 308 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 82 of 308 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 0 of 308 occurrencesEocene — about 122 of 308 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 1 of 308 occurrencesMiocene — about 32 of 308 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 0 of 308 occurrencesPleistocene — about 1 of 308 occurrences210–203 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences203–196 Mya — about 1.0 occurrences196–189 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences168–161 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences161–154 Mya — about 2 occurrences154–147 Mya — about 7 occurrences126–119 Mya — about 21 occurrences119–112 Mya — about 5 occurrences112–105 Mya — about 11 occurrences105–98 Mya — about 36 occurrences98–91 Mya — about 41 occurrences91–84 Mya — about 13 occurrences84–77 Mya — about 4 occurrences77–70 Mya — about 1 occurrence63–56 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences56–49 Mya — about 20 occurrences49–42 Mya — about 5 occurrences42–35 Mya — about 70 occurrences35–28 Mya — about 28 occurrences28–21 Mya — about 6 occurrences21–14 Mya — about 25 occurrences14–7.0 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences7.0–0 Mya — about 10 occurrences201.4 Mya11.7 ka210 Mya0 Mya

308 occurrences of Psocodea on record, most of them in the Eocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

308 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

22 formations

Bouldnor — 50.74°N, 1.36°WArgiles d'lignite du Soissonnais — 49.33°N, 2.66°EEscucha — 42.64°N, 2.72°WEscucha — 40.80°N, 0.81°WEscucha — 41.03°N, 0.56°WEscucha — 40.25°N, 0.61°WKheta — 71.31°N, 99.56°EKarabastau — 42.90°N, 70.00°EKarabastau — 42.69°N, 70.41°EKarabastau — 42.95°N, 69.92°EMazantic Shale — 17.15°N, 92.70°WLas Penosas — 43.31°N, 4.45°WBarstow — 34.95°N, 116.83°WBarstow — 34.94°N, 116.83°WGreen River — 38.90°N, 109.20°WGreen River — 39.72°N, 108.14°WDolgan — 70.17°N, 86.82°ELa Toca — 19.55°N, 70.61°WLa Toca — 19.18°N, 69.26°WForemost — 49.83°N, 111.70°WEifel — 50.11°N, 6.82°ERaritan — 40.47°N, 74.32°WDzhil — 42.70°N, 77.20°EGurvan-Eren — 46.38°N, 93.95°EHaifanggou — 41.85°N, 120.79°EAntero — 39.11°N, 105.71°WDunstan — 45.48°S, 169.31°EKabaw — 21.68°N, 94.08°EWapiti — 55.06°N, 119.11°WBagra — 22.49°N, 77.73°E

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The named rock units Psocodea has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 214 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Psocodea and its relatives

Eocene

Where Psocodea and its relatives were recorded in the Eocene.

Found in the same rock

3,874 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 113 sites for Psocodea, and this reads all of them. Of that, one read hit the database's own return limit, so every count below is a floor rather than a total. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

114 references

Each of the 308 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 102 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Psocodea

Credit
L. Shyamal
Licence
CC BY-SA 2.5
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Psocodea was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itNeoptera through timeFormations of the EoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Hennig 1966