Spiriferina

Spiriferina is an extinct genus of brachiopods that lived in the Early Jurassic. Its representatives have been reported from Europe, North Africa, Saudi Arabia, and Alaska.

Spiriferina

via iDigBio · CC0 · via iDigBio. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
SpiriferininaePBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB, for Spiriferinida
Life habit
low-level epifaunalPBDB, for Spiriferinida
Motility
stationaryPBDB, for Spiriferinida
Vision
blindPBDB, for Rhynchonellata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Lophophorata

Time the record covers

At least 238 million years on record.

The record covers at least 422.7 Mya to 184.2 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 426.7 Mya to 161.5 Mya.

Silurian — about 1 of 387 occurrencesDevonian — about 0 of 387 occurrencesCarboniferous — about 23 of 387 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 67 of 387 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 8 of 387 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 46 of 387 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 88 of 387 occurrencesLate TriassicEarly Jurassic — about 153 of 387 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 1 of 387 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 0 of 387 occurrences432–423 Mya — about 1.0 occurrences423–414 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences368–358 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences358–349 Mya — about 9 occurrences349–340 Mya — about 6 occurrences340–331 Mya — about 3 occurrences331–322 Mya — about 3 occurrences322–312 Mya — about 2 occurrences312–303 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences303–294 Mya — about 2 occurrences294–285 Mya — about 2 occurrences285–276 Mya — about 6 occurrences276–267 Mya — about 9 occurrences267–257 Mya — about 33 occurrences257–248 Mya — about 22 occurrences248–239 Mya — about 36 occurrences239–230 Mya — about 55 occurrences230–221 Mya — about 21 occurrences221–211 Mya — about 13 occurrences211–202 Mya — about 10 occurrences202–193 Mya — about 65 occurrences193–184 Mya — about 73 occurrences184–175 Mya — about 15 occurrences175–165 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences165–156 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences422.7 Mya184.2 Mya432 Mya156 Mya

387 occurrences of Spiriferina on record, most of them in the Early Jurassic. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

387 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

90 formations

Wargal — 32.57°N, 72.41°EWargal — 32.52°N, 72.30°EWargal — 32.47°N, 72.12°EWargal — 32.47°N, 71.97°EWargal — 32.50°N, 71.93°EWargal — 32.63°N, 71.75°EWargal — 32.72°N, 71.75°EWargal — 32.70°N, 71.65°EWargal — 32.23°N, 71.05°ECassian — 46.64°N, 12.20°ECassian — 46.47°N, 12.07°ECassian — 46.68°N, 12.15°ECassian — 46.52°N, 11.65°ECassian — 46.55°N, 11.93°EAmb — 32.57°N, 72.41°EAmb — 32.50°N, 71.93°EAmb — 32.63°N, 71.75°EAmb — 32.70°N, 71.68°EKaibab — 34.44°N, 111.28°WKaibab — 35.40°N, 112.96°WKaibab — 36.19°N, 112.36°WKaibab — 36.16°N, 112.71°WNevian — 43.21°N, 2.92°ENevian — 43.05°N, 2.78°EPark City — 42.97°N, 106.78°WPark City — 39.60°N, 110.82°WLiard — 56.16°N, 122.55°WLiard — 56.10°N, 122.87°WWetterstein Limestone — 47.00°N, 15.00°ESandorhegy Limestone — 47.00°N, 17.90°ESandorhegy Limestone — 47.33°N, 17.64°EChhidru — 32.40°N, 72.15°EChhidru — 32.50°N, 72.10°EChhidru — 32.63°N, 71.75°EChhidru — 32.72°N, 71.75°EPhosphoria — 42.97°N, 106.78°WPhosphoria — 44.00°N, 114.00°WDinwoody — 44.76°N, 112.30°WWegener Halvo — 74.03°N, 21.70°WJimi — 5.67°S, 144.88°EMarmolata — 46.43°N, 11.82°EMarmolata — 46.45°N, 11.87°EWassonville — 41.58°N, 91.33°WMaynes Creek — 42.83°N, 93.24°WWhite Pine Shale — 38.44°N, 114.68°WWhite Pine Shale — 38.97°N, 113.81°WLodgepole Limestone — 45.90°N, 111.67°WLodgepole Limestone — 45.78°N, 111.71°WBlue Lias — 50.00°N, 2.00°WBlue Lias — 50.80°N, 3.03°WCalcaires à Gryphées — 48.00°N, 6.00°ENimaloksa — 32.23°N, 78.03°ENimaloksa — 32.10°N, 78.17°EPardonet — 56.07°N, 123.02°WPardonet — 56.77°N, 123.32°WNew Providence — 38.09°N, 85.72°W

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The named rock units Spiriferina has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 66 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 219 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Spiriferina and its relatives

Early Jurassic

Where Spiriferina and its relatives were recorded in the Early Jurassic.

Found in the same rock

2,263 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 329 sites for Spiriferina, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

133 references

Each of the 387 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 121 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Spiriferina

Source
iDigBio
Credit
via iDigBio
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Licence
CC Attribution
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itSpiriferininae through timeFormations of the Early JurassicThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (d'Orbigny 1847)