Spiriferina

Searched as Spiriferina (Spiriferellina) cristata commixta. The Paleobiology Database treats Spiriferina as the accepted name.

Spiriferina is an extinct genus of brachiopods that lived in the Early Jurassic. Its representatives have been reported from Europe, North Africa, Saudi Arabia, and Alaska.

Spiriferina

via iDigBio · CC0 · via iDigBio. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
SpiriferininaePBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB, for Spiriferinida
Life habit
low-level epifaunalPBDB, for Spiriferinida
Motility
stationaryPBDB, for Spiriferinida
Vision
blindPBDB, for Rhynchonellata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Lophophorata

Time the record covers

At most 11 million years on record.

Every occurrence read is dated to somewhere between 264.28 Mya and 254.14 Mya, and nothing in the dating separates them, so that window is what the record shows rather than a span.

Permian — about 38 of 38 occurrencesPermian264–264 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences264–264 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences264–263 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences263–263 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences263–263 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences263–262 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences262–262 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences262–261 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences261–261 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences261–261 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences261–260 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences260–260 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences260–260 Mya — about 2 occurrences260–259 Mya — about 2 occurrences259–259 Mya — about 2 occurrences259–258 Mya — about 2 occurrences258–258 Mya — about 2 occurrences258–258 Mya — about 2 occurrences258–257 Mya — about 2 occurrences257–257 Mya — about 2 occurrences257–257 Mya — about 2 occurrences257–256 Mya — about 2 occurrences256–256 Mya — about 2 occurrences256–255 Mya — about 2 occurrences255–255 Mya — about 2 occurrences255–255 Mya — about 2 occurrences255–254 Mya — about 2 occurrences254–254 Mya — about 2 occurrences264.8 Mya253.6 Mya

38 occurrences of Spiriferina on record, most of them in the Permian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

38 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

2 formations

Wargal — 32.52°N, 72.30°EWargal — 32.43°N, 72.28°EWargal — 32.45°N, 72.22°EWargal — 32.50°N, 72.03°EWargal — 32.45°N, 71.95°EWargal — 32.55°N, 71.77°EWargal — 32.63°N, 71.75°EWargal — 32.72°N, 71.75°EWargal — 32.70°N, 71.65°EWargal — 32.73°N, 71.63°EWargal — 32.26°N, 71.10°EWargal — 32.57°N, 72.41°EChhidru — 32.63°N, 71.75°EChhidru — 32.72°N, 71.75°E

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Spiriferina has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed.

Spiriferina and its relatives

Permian

Where Spiriferina and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.

Found in the same rock

2,263 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 329 sites for Spiriferina, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

1 reference

Each of the 38 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Each entry links to the Paleobiology Database's own record for the work.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Spiriferina

Source
iDigBio
Credit
via iDigBio
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Licence
CC Attribution
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itSpiriferininae through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (d'Orbigny 1847)