Tsuga

Tsuga is a genus of conifers in the pine family, Pinaceae. The English-language common name, "hemlock" arose from a perceived similarity in the smell of its crushed foliage to that of the unrelated plant hemlock. Unlike the latter, Tsuga species are not poisonous.

Tsuga

Crusier · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
AbietoideaePBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Streptophyta

Time the record covers

At least 55 million years on record.

The record covers at least 56 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 66 Mya to 0 Mya.

Late Cretaceous — about 0 of 100 occurrencesPaleocene — about 3 of 100 occurrencesPaleoceneEocene — about 12 of 100 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 14 of 100 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 44 of 100 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 11 of 100 occurrencesPleistocene — about 15 of 100 occurrences67–65 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences65–63 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences63–61 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences61–58 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences58–56 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences56–54 Mya — about 1 occurrence54–52 Mya — about 1 occurrence52–49 Mya — about 1 occurrence49–47 Mya — about 1 occurrence47–45 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences45–43 Mya — about 1 occurrence43–40 Mya — about 1 occurrence40–38 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences38–36 Mya — about 1 occurrence36–34 Mya — about 2 occurrences34–31 Mya — about 3 occurrences31–29 Mya — about 3 occurrences29–27 Mya — about 3 occurrences27–25 Mya — about 3 occurrences25–22 Mya — about 3 occurrences22–20 Mya — about 3 occurrences20–18 Mya — about 3 occurrences18–16 Mya — about 3 occurrences16–13 Mya — about 6 occurrences13–11 Mya — about 14 occurrences11–9.0 Mya — about 5 occurrences9.0–6.7 Mya — about 5 occurrences6.7–4.5 Mya — about 6 occurrences4.5–2.2 Mya — about 9 occurrences2.2–0 Mya — about 15 occurrences56 Mya11.7 ka67 Mya0 Mya

100 occurrences of Tsuga on record, most of them in the Miocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

100 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

29 formations

Aluginskaya — 60.42°N, 165.92°EOkhonchevayamskaya — 60.42°N, 165.92°ECanning — 69.83°N, 145.34°WCanning — 69.92°N, 143.38°WXiaolongtan — 25.42°N, 102.85°EXiaolongtan — 25.49°N, 103.02°EMiddlegate — 39.25°N, 117.88°WChloropagus — 39.58°N, 119.37°WChloropagus — 39.58°N, 119.35°WChallis Volcanics — 44.37°N, 114.24°WMula — 29.10°N, 100.67°EItahana — 36.50°N, 139.00°EMotojuku — 36.25°N, 138.75°EChausuyama — 36.58°N, 138.17°ESeto Porcelain Clay — 35.00°N, 137.00°EYadagawa — 35.00°N, 136.00°EHaughton — 75.41°N, 89.43°WBuffalo Canyon — 39.20°N, 117.78°WPyramid — 39.90°N, 119.55°WBeaverdam — 42.24°N, 114.08°WAldrich Station — 38.49°N, 118.90°WKovachinskaya — 60.42°N, 165.92°EUspenskaya — 60.42°N, 165.92°EShimonopporo — 42.81°N, 141.54°EImuruk Volcanics — 65.88°N, 163.13°WBuchanan Lake — 79.92°N, 88.97°WBlue Clay — 40.47°N, 17.30°E

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The named rock units Tsuga has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 5 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 54 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Tsuga and its relatives

Miocene

Where Tsuga and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.

Found in the same rock

1,149 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 66 sites for Tsuga, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

44 references

Each of the 100 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 32 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Tsuga

Credit
Crusier
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Tsuga was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itAbietoideae through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Carrière 1855