Caninae

Caninae, whose members are known as canines, is the only living subfamily within Canidae, alongside the extinct Borophaginae and Hesperocyoninae. They first appeared in North America, during the Oligocene around 35 million years ago, subsequently spreading to Asia and elsewhere in the Old World at the end of the Miocene, some 7 million to 8 million years ago.

Caninae

PresN · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Also called
caninePBDB
Sits inside
CanidaePBDB
Diet
carnivore, omnivorePBDB, for Canidae
Life habit
ground dwellingPBDB, for Canidae
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Eutheria

Time the record covers

At least 39 million years on record.

The record covers at least 39.7 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 45.9 Mya to 0 Mya.

Eocene — about 1 of 1391 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 10 of 1391 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 220 of 1391 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 174 of 1391 occurrencesPleistocene — about 852 of 1391 occurrences47–45 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences45–44 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences44–42 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences42–41 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences41–39 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences30–28 Mya — about 2 occurrences28–27 Mya — about 3 occurrences27–25 Mya — about 3 occurrences25–23 Mya — about 2 occurrences23–22 Mya — about 4 occurrences22–20 Mya — about 5 occurrences20–19 Mya — about 5 occurrences19–17 Mya — about 10 occurrences17–16 Mya — about 16 occurrences16–14 Mya — about 22 occurrences14–12 Mya — about 22 occurrences12–11 Mya — about 36 occurrences11–9.4 Mya — about 36 occurrences9.4–7.8 Mya — about 24 occurrences7.8–6.2 Mya — about 25 occurrences6.2–4.7 Mya — about 41 occurrences4.7–3.1 Mya — about 103 occurrences3.1–1.6 Mya — about 214 occurrences1.6–0 Mya — about 817 occurrences39.7 Mya11.7 ka46.8 Mya0 Mya

1,391 occurrences of Caninae on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

1,391 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

171 formations

Valentine — 42.70°N, 100.00°WValentine — 42.49°N, 98.11°WValentine — 42.80°N, 100.80°WValentine — 42.81°N, 100.05°WValentine — 40.02°N, 98.53°WValentine — 42.78°N, 100.03°WValentine — 42.60°N, 98.00°WValentine — 42.80°N, 99.70°WValentine — 42.70°N, 102.50°WPalm Spring — 32.90°N, 117.10°WAsh Hollow — 42.39°N, 98.10°WAsh Hollow — 41.70°N, 103.10°WAsh Hollow — 42.80°N, 100.80°WAsh Hollow — 43.20°N, 100.70°WAsh Hollow — 43.40°N, 100.60°WAsh Hollow — 42.70°N, 100.00°WAsh Hollow — 42.63°N, 100.05°WAsh Hollow — 42.30°N, 98.00°WGlenns Ferry — 42.80°N, 114.90°WGlenns Ferry — 43.00°N, 118.00°WVogel River Series — 3.22°S, 35.22°EVogel River Series — 3.01°S, 35.20°EVogel River Series — 3.25°S, 35.20°EVogel River Series — 3.13°S, 35.13°ETarija — 21.53°S, 64.73°WTarija — 21.50°S, 64.75°WLujan — 38.57°S, 58.70°WLujan — 34.60°S, 59.15°WLujan — 34.64°S, 59.30°WLujan — 34.61°S, 59.43°WBarstow — 34.80°N, 117.00°WBarstow — 35.05°N, 117.07°WBarstow — 35.06°N, 117.08°WMiramar — 38.17°S, 57.65°WMiramar — 37.87°S, 57.51°WMiramar — 37.98°S, 57.59°WHarrison — 43.30°N, 102.50°WHarrison — 42.40°N, 103.80°WHarrison — 43.00°N, 104.50°WRunningwater — 42.80°N, 103.10°WRunningwater — 42.20°N, 103.10°WOgallala — 36.80°N, 100.50°WOgallala — 36.70°N, 101.40°WOgallala — 38.90°N, 101.70°WOgallala — 39.95°N, 99.53°WOgallala — 35.70°N, 102.30°WNS Caliente — 34.30°N, 119.00°WDove Spring — 35.30°N, 118.50°WDove Spring — 35.37°N, 117.99°WRexroad — 37.20°N, 100.30°WRexroad — 37.13°N, 100.48°WBermont — 28.80°N, 82.20°WBermont — 27.70°N, 82.50°WBermont — 27.00°N, 82.20°WKromdraai — 26.00°S, 27.75°E"unnamed sandstone" — 33.90°N, 117.00°WPalos Verdes Sand — 33.60°N, 117.80°WPalos Verdes Sand — 34.00°N, 118.20°WPalos Verdes Sand — 33.76°N, 118.29°WPalos Verdes Sand — 33.63°N, 117.89°WPlatanochori — 40.57°N, 23.47°EPlatanochori — 40.53°N, 23.37°ENuapua — 20.75°S, 63.07°WNuapua — 20.87°S, 63.07°WSheep Creek — 42.40°N, 103.80°WTesuque — 35.50°N, 106.20°WTesuque — 36.50°N, 107.00°WJohn Day — 44.67°N, 119.63°WJohn Day — 44.83°N, 119.74°WJohn Day — 44.83°N, 119.76°W

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The named rock units Caninae has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 147 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 920 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Caninae and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Caninae and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

2,000 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 1,083 sites for Caninae, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

572 references

Each of the 1,391 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 560 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Caninae

Credit
PresN
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Caninae was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itCanidae through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Gill 1872