Citharichthys

Citharichthys is a genus of flatfish in the large-tooth flounder family, Paralichthyidae. They have both eyes on the left sides of their heads. They are native to the oceans around the Americas, with a single species, C. stampflii off the West African coast. Most are found in relatively shallow depths, but the genus also includes species found in deep water and species that enter fresh water.

Citharichthys

Uncredited · Public Domain · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
ParalichthyidaePBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Pleuronectiformes
Life habit
nektobenthicPBDB, for Pleuronectiformes
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Pleuronectiformes

Time the record covers

At least 33 million years on record.

The record covers at least 33.9 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 37.71 Mya to 0 Mya.

Eocene — about 1 of 47 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 3 of 47 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 15 of 47 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 6 of 47 occurrencesPleistocene — about 22 of 47 occurrences38–37 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences37–36 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences36–35 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences35–33 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences33–32 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences32–31 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences31–29 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences29–28 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences28–27 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences27–26 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences26–24 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences24–23 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences23–22 Mya — about 1 occurrence22–21 Mya — about 1 occurrence21–19 Mya — about 2 occurrences19–18 Mya — about 2 occurrences18–17 Mya — about 2 occurrences17–15 Mya — about 1 occurrence15–14 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences14–13 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences13–12 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences12–10 Mya — about 1 occurrence10–9.0 Mya — about 1 occurrence9.0–7.7 Mya — about 1 occurrence7.7–6.4 Mya — about 1 occurrence6.4–5.1 Mya — about 1 occurrence5.1–3.8 Mya — about 2 occurrences3.8–2.6 Mya — about 4 occurrences1.3–0 Mya — about 22 occurrences33.9 Mya129 ka38.5 Mya0 Mya

47 occurrences of Citharichthys on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

47 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

17 formations

Palos Verdes Sand — 33.76°N, 118.29°WPalos Verdes Sand — 34.00°N, 118.20°WPalos Verdes Sand — 33.99°N, 118.45°WPalos Verdes Sand — 33.75°N, 118.29°WNavidad — 33.91°S, 71.84°WNavidad — 33.94°S, 71.85°WGatun — 9.36°N, 79.84°WSan Pedro — 33.75°N, 118.29°WTimms Point Silt — 33.73°N, 118.28°WPort Orford — 42.81°N, 124.53°WPort Orford — 42.83°N, 124.56°WLacui — 41.75°S, 73.84°WLacui — 42.69°S, 74.12°WByram — 31.57°N, 88.04°WRosefield — 31.89°N, 92.00°WYorktown — 35.36°N, 76.82°WYazoo — 31.93°N, 91.94°WCantaure — 11.97°N, 70.02°WOnzole — 0.87°N, 79.89°WSocorro — 11.38°N, 69.72°WBowden — 17.88°N, 76.28°WRaz-el-Ain — 35.71°N, 0.64°WRanquil — 37.59°S, 73.64°W

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Citharichthys has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 6 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Citharichthys and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Citharichthys and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

1,386 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 28 sites for Citharichthys, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

18 references

Each of the 47 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 6 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Citharichthys

Credit
nobody named on the record
Licence
Public Domain
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Citharichthys was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itParalichthyidae through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Bleeker 1862