Stephanodus

Stephanodus is a form genus of extinct fossil ray-finned fish, referring to the hook-shaped pharyngeal teeth present on the branchial arch of pycnodonts.

A picture published with the record for Stephanodus.

via GBIF · CC0 · via GBIF. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

Time the record covers

At least 106 million years on record.

The record covers at least 154.8 Mya to 48.07 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 157.9 Mya to 33.9 Mya.

Late Jurassic — about 2 of 60 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 4 of 60 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 46 of 60 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 0 of 60 occurrencesEocene — about 8 of 60 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 0 of 60 occurrences160–156 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences156–152 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences147–143 Mya — about 1 occurrence143–139 Mya — about 2 occurrences117–113 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences113–109 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences109–104 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences104–100 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences100–96 Mya — about 4 occurrences96–92 Mya — about 2 occurrences87–83 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences83–79 Mya — about 6 occurrences79–74 Mya — about 6 occurrences74–70 Mya — about 11 occurrences70–66 Mya — about 16 occurrences66–62 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences62–57 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences57–53 Mya — about 2 occurrences53–49 Mya — about 3 occurrences49–44 Mya — about 1 occurrence44–40 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences40–36 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences36–31 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences154.8 Mya48.07 Mya160 Mya31 Mya

60 occurrences of Stephanodus on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

60 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

28 formations

Subathu — 30.98°N, 76.98°ESubathu — 32.50°N, 75.50°ESubathu — 33.24°N, 74.38°EMount Laurel — 40.26°N, 74.27°WLameta — 20.35°N, 79.05°ELameta — 23.17°N, 79.95°EDukamaje — 15.41°N, 5.73°EDukamaje — 15.47°N, 6.26°EBahariya — 28.43°N, 28.92°EVaals Greensand — 51.74°N, 6.09°EMarshalltown — 39.55°N, 75.65°WBlufftown — 32.16°N, 85.03°WAguja — 28.94°N, 103.37°WTar Heel — 34.57°N, 78.50°WCusseta — 32.14°N, 84.95°WSables de Glos — 49.11°N, 0.38°EDonoho Creek — 34.06°N, 79.53°WBaska — 30.85°N, 70.21°EFatehgarh — 26.43°N, 71.21°ENavesink — 39.95°N, 74.79°WPhosphorite Unit — 32.02°N, 36.03°EEl Molino — 17.69°S, 65.94°WSevern — 38.91°N, 76.85°WTakli — 21.15°N, 79.10°EMénaka — 16.75°N, 2.50°ETeberemt, Tamaguélelt, Continental Terminal — 16.30°N, 2.75°EInfratrappean Beds — 17.35°N, 77.70°EAlcântara — 2.48°S, 44.46°W

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The named rock units Stephanodus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 4 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 24 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Stephanodus and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Stephanodus and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

735 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 58 sites for Stephanodus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

39 references

Each of the 60 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 27 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Stephanodus

Source
GBIF
Credit
via GBIF
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0.