Cycloneuralia

Cycloneuralia is a proposed clade of ecdysozoan animals including the Scalidophora, the Nematoida, and the extinct palaeoscolecids. It may be paraphyletic, or may be a sister group to Panarthropoda. Or perhaps Panarthropoda is paraphyletic with respect to Cycloneuralia. The group has also been considered a single phylum, sometimes given the old name Nemathelminthes. The uniting character is the nervous system organization with a circumpharyngeal brain and somata–neuropil–somata pattern. The name derives from the position of the brain around the pharynx.

A picture published with the record for Cycloneuralia. What it shows has not been checked.

Shunkina Ksenia · CC BY 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
EcdysozoaPBDB

Time the record covers

At least 528 million years on record.

The record covers at least 529 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 538.8 Mya to 0 Mya.

Cambrian — about 1 of 124 occurrencesCambrianOrdovician — about 0 of 124 occurrencesSilurian — about 1 of 124 occurrencesDevonian — about 1 of 124 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 0 of 124 occurrencesPermian — about 0 of 124 occurrencesEarly Triassic — about 0 of 124 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 3 of 124 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 0 of 124 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 1 of 124 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic — about 0 of 124 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 0 of 124 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 5 of 124 occurrencesLate Cretaceous — about 23 of 124 occurrencesPaleocene — about 0 of 124 occurrencesEocene — about 32 of 124 occurrencesOligocene — about 1 of 124 occurrencesMiocene — about 54 of 124 occurrencesPliocene — about 1 of 124 occurrencesPleistocene — about 0 of 124 occurrences550–531 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences531–513 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences440–421 Mya — about 1 occurrence421–403 Mya — about 1 occurrence256–238 Mya — about 2 occurrences238–220 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences202–183 Mya — about 1 occurrence128–110 Mya — about 5 occurrences110–92 Mya — about 23 occurrences73–55 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences55–37 Mya — about 10 occurrences37–18 Mya — about 42 occurrences18–0 Mya — about 36 occurrences529 Mya11.7 ka550 Mya0 Mya

124 occurrences of Cycloneuralia on record, most of them in the Miocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

124 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

11 formations

Sainte-Barbe Clays — 50.48°N, 3.65°ESanta Maria — 29.75°S, 53.00°WLombardische Kieselkalk — 46.00°N, 9.08°EBrandon Bridge — 43.03°N, 88.21°WHelvetiafjellet — 78.41°N, 14.44°ERott — 50.75°N, 7.26°ELa Toca — 19.22°N, 70.67°WDryden Flags — 57.34°N, 2.85°WDunstan — 45.48°S, 169.31°EMeissner — 50.94°N, 11.25°EKuanchuanpu — 32.67°N, 107.33°E

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The named rock units Cycloneuralia has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 111 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Cycloneuralia and its relatives

Miocene

Where Cycloneuralia and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.

Found in the same rock

3,321 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 37 sites for Cycloneuralia, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

32 references

Each of the 124 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 20 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Cycloneuralia

Credit
Shunkina Ksenia
Licence
CC BY 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Cycloneuralia was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itEcdysozoa through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Ahlrichs 1995