Equus sivalensis

Equus sivalensis or Sivalik Horse is an extinct species of large equid native to the northern Indian subcontinent. Remains date from the beginning of the Pleistocene, c. 2.58 million years ago until around 600,000 years ago, during the Middle Pleistocene. It is considered a "stenonine horse", meaning that it is more closely related to zebras and asses than true horses. Based on isotopes and teeth morphology, it is thought to have been a grazer. The later species Equus namadicus from the same region has sometimes been suggested to be a synonym due to their similar teeth morphology.

Equus sivalensis

Ghedoghedo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
EquusPBDB
Diet
grazerPBDB, for Equus
Life habit
ground dwellingPBDB, for Equus
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Eutheria

Time the record covers

At least 2.4 million years on record.

The record covers at least 2.58 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 5.333 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Miocene — about 0 of 14 occurrencesPliocene — about 5 of 14 occurrencesPliocenePleistocene — about 9 of 14 occurrencesPleistoceneHolocene — about 0 of 14 occurrences5.4–5.3 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences5.3–5.1 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences5.1–4.9 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences4.9–4.7 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences4.7–4.5 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences4.5–4.3 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences4.3–4.1 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences4.1–3.9 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences3.9–3.7 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences3.7–3.5 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences3.5–3.3 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences3.3–3.1 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences3.1–2.9 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences2.9–2.7 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences2.7–2.5 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences2.5–2.3 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences2.3–2.1 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences2.1–1.9 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences1.9–1.8 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences1.8–1.6 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences1.6–1.4 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences1.4–1.2 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences1.2–972 ka Mya — about 0.7 occurrences972 ka–778 ka Mya — about 0.7 occurrences778 ka–583 ka Mya — about 0.4 occurrences583 ka–389 ka Mya — about 0.4 occurrences389 ka–194 ka Mya — about 0.4 occurrences194 ka–0 Mya — about 1 occurrence2.58 Mya129 ka5.8 Mya0 Mya

14 occurrences of Equus sivalensis on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

14 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

4 formations

Pinjor — 30.99°N, 76.68°EPinjor — 30.85°N, 76.75°EPinjor — 30.95°N, 76.73°ENagrota — 32.70°N, 74.85°ETatrot — 30.73°N, 76.78°EMiliolite — 21.20°N, 72.11°E

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The named rock units Equus sivalensis has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 6 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Equus sivalensis and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Equus sivalensis and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

82 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 14 sites for Equus sivalensis, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

10 references

Each of the 14 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Equus sivalensis

Credit
Ghedoghedo
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Licence
CC Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs
Commercial use
the licence does not allow it

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itEquus through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Falconer and Cautley 1849