Fenestrata

Fenestrata is an extinct order of bryozoan, dating from the Upper Arenig. Most fenestrate bryozoans formed net-like colonies, often in funnel- or fan-shaped forms, with a single layer of zooids facing one direction. The colony shape served as a filter-feeding apparatus that water currents flowed through, with autozooecial apertures only on the side of the colony facing into the current. This colony structure was vulnerable to predators, so some fenestrate bryozoans produced skeletal superstructures, likely to strengthen or protect the colony, and others had protective spines surrounding their autozooecial apertures.

No picture of Fenestrata was found. Wikipedia, Wikidata and iDigBio were searched and had none. Smithsonian Open Access did not answer, so this is what the others held rather than everything there is. GBIF was asked, and what came back is not recorded: nothing, or a picture this site could not tie to Fenestrata, or no answer at all. This entry cannot say which.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
PalaeostomataPBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB, for Stenolaemata
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Bryozoa
Motility
stationary, attachedPBDB, for Stenolaemata
Vision
blindPBDB, for Stenolaemata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Lophophorata

Time the record covers

At least 403 million years on record.

The record covers at least 469.4 Mya to 66 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 477.1 Mya to 61.66 Mya.

Ordovician — about 26 of 319 occurrencesOrdovicianSilurian — about 14 of 319 occurrencesDevonian — about 59 of 319 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 80 of 319 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 139 of 319 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 0 of 319 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 0 of 319 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 0 of 319 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 0 of 319 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic — about 0 of 319 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 0 of 319 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 0 of 319 occurrencesLate Cretaceous — about 0 of 319 occurrencesPaleocene — about 1 of 319 occurrencesEocene — about 0 of 319 occurrences485–471 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences471–457 Mya — about 3 occurrences457–442 Mya — about 23 occurrences442–428 Mya — about 14 occurrences428–413 Mya — about 2 occurrences413–399 Mya — about 6 occurrences399–385 Mya — about 27 occurrences385–370 Mya — about 22 occurrences370–356 Mya — about 2 occurrences356–341 Mya — about 27 occurrences341–327 Mya — about 18 occurrences327–313 Mya — about 11 occurrences313–298 Mya — about 26 occurrences298–284 Mya — about 44 occurrences284–269 Mya — about 42 occurrences269–255 Mya — about 46 occurrences255–241 Mya — about 4 occurrences68–53 Mya — about 1 occurrence469.4 Mya66 Mya485 Mya53 Mya

319 occurrences of Fenestrata on record, most of them in the Permian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

319 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

101 formations

Gerster — 40.17°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.42°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.50°N, 114.67°WGerster — 40.50°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.25°N, 115.17°WFort Payne Chert — 36.92°N, 84.96°WFort Payne Chert — 36.54°N, 85.16°WFort Payne Chert — 36.72°N, 85.45°WEdwardsville — 39.00°N, 86.33°WEdwardsville — 39.04°N, 86.50°WForaker Limestone — 39.37°N, 95.88°WForaker Limestone — 39.34°N, 96.05°WForaker Limestone — 37.25°N, 96.54°WForaker Limestone — 39.38°N, 96.40°WForaker Limestone — 39.07°N, 96.12°WForaker Limestone — 38.72°N, 96.16°WForaker Limestone — 37.81°N, 96.47°WForaker Limestone — 39.14°N, 96.31°WForaker Limestone — 37.25°N, 96.53°WMoscow — 42.71°N, 78.94°WMoscow — 42.90°N, 78.04°WMoscow — 42.81°N, 77.90°WMoscow — 42.77°N, 77.83°WMoscow — 42.82°N, 77.57°WMoscow — 42.78°N, 77.33°WMoscow — 42.67°N, 76.95°WStotler Limestone — 38.06°N, 96.22°WStotler Limestone — 39.21°N, 96.34°WStotler Limestone — 39.14°N, 96.42°WStotler Limestone — 39.07°N, 95.98°WStotler Limestone — 38.16°N, 96.25°WStotler Limestone — 37.63°N, 96.37°WStotler Limestone — 39.30°N, 96.35°WStotler Limestone — 38.76°N, 95.98°WJanesville Shale — 39.39°N, 96.19°WJanesville Shale — 39.38°N, 96.29°WJanesville Shale — 39.24°N, 96.18°WJanesville Shale — 39.08°N, 96.13°WJanesville Shale — 38.93°N, 96.05°WJanesville Shale — 37.24°N, 96.53°WLudlowville — 42.76°N, 78.65°WLudlowville — 42.78°N, 78.79°WGrenola Limestone — 39.19°N, 96.56°WGrenola Limestone — 37.10°N, 96.61°WGrenola Limestone — 39.39°N, 96.40°WGrenola Limestone — 39.34°N, 96.18°WGrenola Limestone — 38.87°N, 96.20°WGrenola Limestone — 37.37°N, 96.54°WSolvik — 59.92°N, 10.75°ESolvik — 59.83°N, 10.43°EBeattie — 39.91°N, 95.91°WBeattie — 39.38°N, 96.39°WBeattie — 39.19°N, 96.57°WBeattie — 38.96°N, 96.12°WBeattie — 38.87°N, 96.19°WBeattie — 38.53°N, 96.42°WMount Head — 50.62°N, 114.98°WPark City — 42.97°N, 106.78°WPark City — 39.60°N, 110.82°WPark City — 47.06°N, 109.43°WPalmarito — 8.03°N, 71.35°WSanta Lucia — 42.88°N, 5.97°WSanta Lucia — 42.88°N, 5.73°WFalls City Limestone — 39.11°N, 96.44°WFalls City Limestone — 39.08°N, 96.13°WFalls City Limestone — 38.93°N, 95.95°WFalls City Limestone — 38.03°N, 96.28°WGrenola — 37.24°N, 96.57°WGrenola — 38.37°N, 96.63°WGrenola — 37.11°N, 96.62°WCallytharra — 26.00°S, 115.50°ECallytharra — 25.88°S, 115.50°ECürten — 50.38°N, 6.70°EJunkerberg — 50.23°N, 6.47°EJunkerberg — 50.42°N, 6.73°EJunkerberg — 50.37°N, 6.78°EWild Cow — 34.95°N, 106.30°WPhosphoria — 42.97°N, 106.78°WPhosphoria — 44.00°N, 114.00°WZeandale Limestone — 38.75°N, 95.96°WZeandale Limestone — 38.30°N, 96.16°WZeandale Limestone — 38.17°N, 96.18°WOnaga Shale — 37.60°N, 96.37°WOnaga Shale — 37.55°N, 96.45°WOnaga Shale — 39.29°N, 96.21°W

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The named rock units Fenestrata has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 77 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 43 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Fenestrata and its relatives

Permian

Where Fenestrata and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.

Found in the same rock

1,554 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 243 sites for Fenestrata, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

85 references

Each of the 319 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 73 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content0

No picture of Fenestrata was found. Wikipedia, Wikidata and iDigBio were searched and had none.

Smithsonian Open Access did not answer, so this is what the others held rather than everything there is.

GBIF was asked, and what came back is not recorded: nothing, or a picture this site could not tie to Fenestrata, or no answer at all. This entry cannot say which.

No 3D scan of Fenestrata was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itPalaeostomata through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Elias and Condra 1957