Papio

Baboons are primates comprising the genus Papio, one of the 23 genera of Old World monkeys, in the family Cercopithecidae. There are six species of baboon: the hamadryas baboon, the Guinea baboon, the olive baboon, the yellow baboon, the Kinda baboon and the chacma baboon. Each species is native to one of six areas of Africa and the hamadryas baboon is also native to part of the Arabian Peninsula. Baboons are among the largest non-hominoid primates and have existed for at least two million years.

Papio

Muhammad Mahdi Karim · GFDL 1.2 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Also called
baboonPBDB
Sits inside
PapioninaPBDB
Diet
frugivore, folivorePBDB, for Cercopithecidae
Life habit
arborealPBDB, for Cercopithecidae
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Eutheria

Time the record covers

At least 2.5 million years on record.

The record covers at least 2.58 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 5.333 Mya to 0 Mya.

Miocene — about 0 of 78 occurrencesPliocene — about 11 of 78 occurrencesPliocenePleistocene — about 49 of 78 occurrencesPleistoceneHolocene — about 18 of 78 occurrences5.4–5.3 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences5.3–5.1 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences5.1–4.9 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences4.9–4.7 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences4.7–4.5 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences4.5–4.3 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences4.3–4.1 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences4.1–3.9 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences3.9–3.7 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences3.7–3.5 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences3.5–3.3 Mya — about 1 occurrence3.3–3.1 Mya — about 1 occurrence3.1–2.9 Mya — about 1 occurrence2.9–2.7 Mya — about 1 occurrence2.7–2.5 Mya — about 2 occurrences2.5–2.3 Mya — about 3 occurrences2.3–2.1 Mya — about 3 occurrences2.1–1.9 Mya — about 4 occurrences1.9–1.8 Mya — about 4 occurrences1.8–1.6 Mya — about 3 occurrences1.6–1.4 Mya — about 3 occurrences1.4–1.2 Mya — about 3 occurrences1.2–972 ka Mya — about 3 occurrences972 ka–778 ka Mya — about 3 occurrences778 ka–583 ka Mya — about 4 occurrences583 ka–389 ka Mya — about 4 occurrences389 ka–194 ka Mya — about 4 occurrences194 ka–0 Mya — about 25 occurrences2.58 Mya11.7 ka5.8 Mya0 Mya

78 occurrences of Papio on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

78 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

13 formations

Swartkrans — 26.02°S, 27.72°EKromdraai — 26.00°S, 27.75°EOlduvai — 2.98°S, 35.37°EKoobi Fora — 4.15°N, 36.40°EKoobi Fora — 4.13°N, 36.38°EVogel River Series — 3.21°S, 35.21°EVogel River Series — 3.13°S, 35.13°EWehaietu — 10.63°N, 40.54°EKapthurin — 0.50°N, 36.00°EChemeron — 0.67°N, 35.83°EFejej — 5.00°N, 37.00°ESterkfontein — 26.02°S, 27.73°EChiwondo — 10.17°S, 34.00°EKuruksai suite — 38.31°N, 69.67°EKairubak suite — 37.33°N, 68.97°E

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The named rock units Papio has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 49 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Papio and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Papio and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

615 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 77 sites for Papio, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

59 references

Each of the 78 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 47 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content3

Picture of Papio

Credit
Muhammad Mahdi Karim
Licence
GFDL 1.2
Commercial use
the licence allows it

Photogrammetry

Licence
not stated by the source
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record
Specimen
Papio anubis · AP-RCNE:Mamm

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Licence
CC Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs
Commercial use
the licence does not allow it

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itPapionina through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Erxleben 1777)