Pinopsida

Conifers are a group of vascular plants and a subset of gymnosperms. They are woody trees and shrubs, mostly evergreen with a regular branching pattern, reproducing with male and female cones, usually on the same tree. They are wind-pollinated and the seeds are usually dispersed by the wind. Taxonomically, they make up the division Pinophyta, also known as Coniferae. All extant conifers, except for the gnetophytes, are perennials with secondary growth. There are over 600 living species.

Pinopsida

Sapin88 · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
PinophytaPBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Streptophyta

Time the record covers

At least 358 million years on record.

The record covers at least 358.86 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 538.8 Mya to 0 Mya.

Cambrian — about 0 of 3444 occurrencesCambrianOrdovician — about 0 of 3444 occurrencesSilurian — about 0 of 3444 occurrencesDevonian — about 2 of 3444 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 155 of 3444 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 797 of 3444 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 23 of 3444 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 24 of 3444 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 77 of 3444 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 73 of 3444 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic — about 160 of 3444 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 105 of 3444 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 162 of 3444 occurrencesLate Cretaceous — about 227 of 3444 occurrencesPaleocene — about 70 of 3444 occurrencesEocene — about 245 of 3444 occurrencesOligocene — about 148 of 3444 occurrencesMiocene — about 501 of 3444 occurrencesPliocene — about 135 of 3444 occurrencesPleistocene — about 491 of 3444 occurrences550–531 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences531–513 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences513–495 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences495–476 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences476–458 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences458–440 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences440–421 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences421–403 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences403–385 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences385–366 Mya — about 1 occurrence366–348 Mya — about 11 occurrences348–330 Mya — about 19 occurrences330–311 Mya — about 58 occurrences311–293 Mya — about 136 occurrences293–275 Mya — about 310 occurrences275–256 Mya — about 326 occurrences256–238 Mya — about 136 occurrences238–220 Mya — about 48 occurrences220–202 Mya — about 31 occurrences202–183 Mya — about 52 occurrences183–165 Mya — about 163 occurrences165–147 Mya — about 102 occurrences147–128 Mya — about 52 occurrences128–110 Mya — about 86 occurrences110–92 Mya — about 110 occurrences92–73 Mya — about 88 occurrences73–55 Mya — about 153 occurrences55–37 Mya — about 184 occurrences37–18 Mya — about 261 occurrences18–0 Mya — about 1115 occurrences358.86 Mya11.7 ka550 Mya0 Mya

3,444 occurrences of Pinopsida on record, most of them in the Permian. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

3,444 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

569 formations

Chloropagus — 39.58°N, 119.37°WChloropagus — 39.58°N, 119.35°WChloropagus — 39.79°N, 118.94°WMolteno — 29.50°S, 29.50°EMolteno — 30.50°S, 29.00°EMolteno — 28.57°S, 29.05°EMolteno — 31.10°S, 26.50°EMolteno — 31.48°S, 26.47°EMolteno — 31.47°S, 26.43°EMolteno — 30.90°S, 26.72°EMolteno — 31.50°S, 27.92°EMolteno — 31.53°S, 28.00°EMolteno — 30.50°S, 26.82°EMolteno — 31.40°S, 27.78°EMolteno — 30.83°S, 26.97°EMolteno — 31.47°S, 26.83°EMolteno — 31.57°S, 26.22°EMolteno — 31.48°S, 26.90°EMolteno — 30.68°S, 28.52°EMolteno — 31.50°S, 27.00°EMolteno — 31.05°S, 26.80°EMolteno — 30.67°S, 26.95°EMolteno — 31.57°S, 26.27°EMolteno — 30.00°S, 29.00°EMolteno — 30.60°S, 26.95°EMolteno — 30.72°S, 26.93°EMolteno — 31.53°S, 26.23°EMolteno — 30.48°S, 27.10°EHell Creek — 46.35°N, 103.87°WHell Creek — 46.43°N, 104.01°WHell Creek — 45.59°N, 103.75°WHell Creek — 46.38°N, 103.95°WHell Creek — 46.02°N, 103.76°WHell Creek — 45.65°N, 103.62°WHell Creek — 46.13°N, 103.79°WHell Creek — 46.46°N, 104.01°WHell Creek — 46.14°N, 103.85°WHell Creek — 45.89°N, 104.55°WFort Union — 46.91°N, 101.44°WFort Union — 45.00°N, 109.00°WFort Union — 45.30°N, 108.92°WFort Union — 46.35°N, 103.87°WFort Union — 46.02°N, 103.76°WPautut — 70.25°N, 54.50°WYaw — 23.25°N, 94.25°EYaw — 23.23°N, 94.25°EShanxi — 39.60°N, 111.00°EShanxi — 38.00°N, 114.00°EShanxi — 41.80°N, 126.50°EShanxi — 34.20°N, 113.50°EShanxi — 38.80°N, 105.60°EShanxi — 41.20°N, 123.80°EShanxi — 40.70°N, 120.80°EShanxi — 38.80°N, 99.60°EShanxi — 38.50°N, 102.20°EShanxi — 38.20°N, 106.40°EShanxi — 36.00°N, 106.30°EShanxi — 36.80°N, 118.10°EShanxi — 39.40°N, 111.00°EShanxi — 35.10°N, 117.20°EShanxi — 36.37°N, 113.28°ETurtel Mountain — 49.06°N, 100.56°WSaltwick — 54.50°N, 0.75°WSaltwick — 54.40°N, 1.00°WSaltwick — 54.30°N, 0.40°WSaltwick — 54.37°N, 1.25°WCretaceous — 44.65°N, 104.22°WKrivorechenskaya — 64.48°N, 168.92°ETaragaiskaya Suite — 63.20°N, 118.80°ETaragaiskaya Suite — 63.40°N, 121.80°EMiddlegate — 39.25°N, 117.88°WLower Abrekskaya Suite — 42.90°N, 132.30°ELower Abrekskaya Suite — 43.00°N, 131.80°ELost Branch — 37.19°N, 95.42°WLost Branch — 37.83°N, 94.98°WEagle — 44.99°N, 108.87°WEagle — 44.98°N, 109.27°WTaiyuan — 40.00°N, 118.00°ETaiyuan — 38.20°N, 100.20°ETaiyuan — 41.80°N, 126.50°ETaiyuan — 37.50°N, 114.60°ETaiyuan — 34.70°N, 116.60°ETaiyuan — 39.70°N, 106.80°ETaiyuan — 38.80°N, 99.60°ETaiyuan — 34.20°N, 113.50°ETaiyuan — 41.20°N, 123.80°ETaiyuan — 38.80°N, 105.60°ETaiyuan — 36.00°N, 106.30°ETaiyuan — 39.40°N, 111.00°EKhariyasskaya Suite — 63.20°N, 118.80°EKhariyasskaya Suite — 63.40°N, 121.80°EBathurst Island — 11.79°S, 130.23°EBathurst Island — 11.78°S, 130.35°ELower Pospelovskaya Suite — 43.00°N, 131.00°ELower Pospelovskaya Suite — 45.00°N, 131.80°ELower Pospelovskaya Suite — 43.00°N, 131.80°ELower Pospelovskaya Suite — 43.00°N, 131.90°EKoshelevskaya Suite — 56.40°N, 57.50°EKoshelevskaya Suite — 56.70°N, 57.30°EKoshelevskaya Suite — 57.40°N, 57.70°EKoshelevskaya Suite — 57.50°N, 58.30°EKoshelevskaya Suite — 57.00°N, 58.20°EBeaverdam — 42.24°N, 114.08°WChallis Volcanics — 44.37°N, 114.24°WAllenby — 49.45°N, 120.57°WAllenby — 49.22°N, 119.96°W

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The named rock units Pinopsida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 545 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 1,665 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Pinopsida and its relatives

Permian

Where Pinopsida and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.

Found in the same rock

1,650 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 1,253 sites for Pinopsida, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

574 references

Each of the 3,444 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 562 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Pinopsida

Credit
Sapin88
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Pinopsida was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itPinophyta through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Burnett 1833)